Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Makerere University, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2020 Dec;260:127536. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127536. Epub 2020 Jul 5.
There is an acute deficit of data on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and mercury (Hg) in the open waters of Lake Victoria, East Africa, relative to nearshore areas. We analyzed stable isotopes (δN and δC), PFASs and Hg in Nile Perch and Nile Tilapia muscle and liver samples from nearshore and open lake locations from the Ugandan part of the lake. The δN values of Nile Perch muscle indicated a higher trophic level for samples from the open lake than from nearshore locations. Averages of ∑PFAS concentrations in Nile Perch muscle and liver (0.44 and 1.75 ng/g ww, respectively) were significantly higher than in Nile Tilapia (0.24 and 0.50 ng/g ww, respectively). ∑PFAS concentrations in muscle of open lake Nile Perch were significantly higher than for nearshore samples. A similar observation was made for total mercury concentrations in muscle (THg) of Nile Perch. THg was dominated by methyl mercury (MeHg, 22-124 ng/g ww) and mercuric mercury (Hg, <MDL-29 ng/g ww) in Nile Perch muscle. Strong correlation between MeHg and some PFASs (e.g. PFOS: r = 0.704, P = 0.016) suggested similar exposure routes or factors. Estimated human daily intake values of PFOS from fish consumption were below international limits whereas for MeHg the US EPA reference dose was exceeded.
与近岸地区相比，东非维多利亚湖开阔水域中关于全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）和汞（Hg）的数据严重不足。我们分析了来自乌干达维多利亚湖近岸和开阔水域的尼罗河鲈鱼和罗非鱼肌肉和肝脏样本中的稳定同位素（δN 和 δC）、PFAS 和 Hg。尼罗河鲈鱼肌肉的 δN 值表明，开阔水域样本的营养水平高于近岸样本。尼罗河鲈鱼肌肉和肝脏中∑PFAS 浓度的平均值（分别为 0.44 和 1.75ng/g ww）明显高于罗非鱼（分别为 0.24 和 0.50ng/g ww）。开阔水域尼罗河鲈鱼肌肉中的∑PFAS 浓度明显高于近岸样本。在尼罗河鲈鱼肌肉中的总汞（THg）浓度方面也观察到了类似的结果。THg 主要由甲基汞（MeHg，22-124ng/g ww）和汞（Hg，<MDL-29ng/g ww）组成。MeHg 与一些 PFAS 之间存在很强的相关性（例如 PFOS：r=0.704，P=0.016），表明它们具有相似的暴露途径或因素。从鱼类消费中估算出的 PFOS 对人体的每日摄入量低于国际限量，而美国环保署的参考剂量则超过了对 MeHg 的限量。
