Özcan Mustafa, İşler Sıla Cagrı, Bozkaya Suleyman, Özcan Gönen
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University.
Clin Adv Periodontics. 2015 Feb;5(1):56-60. doi: 10.1902/cap.2013.120124.
Gingival melanin pigmentation (GMP) is considered a physiologic or racial situation. Complaints of "black gums" are common, and demands for depigmentation are usually made for esthetic reasons. In this case report, a cryosurgical depigmentation procedure is described and the effectiveness and complications of cryosurgery are examined.
A 40-year-old, systemically healthy female presented with esthetic problems associated with GMP. Cryosurgery was performed from the midline by cross-segments from canine to canine for the treatment of maxillary and mandibular gingival tissues. One month after the cryosurgery procedure, a bone sequestrum became apparent between the mandibular right central incisor and canine, and it was removed from the area. A 2-mm gingival recession was observed 1 month after the surgery to remove the sequestrum.
Methods such as cryosurgery seem to be effective in the treatment of GMP. Various complications can be observed in the application of cryosurgical procedures, such as infection, hemorrhage, recession, and pain. Anatomic structures of the pigmented sites, the width of the gingiva, the length of the keratinized gingiva, the dose, and application distance of cryosurgenic gas must be carefully considered.
牙龈黑色素沉着（GMP）被认为是一种生理或种族现象。“牙龈发黑”的主诉很常见，通常出于美观原因要求进行色素沉着去除术。在本病例报告中，描述了一种冷冻手术去色素方法，并研究了冷冻手术的有效性和并发症。
一名40岁、全身健康的女性因GMP出现美观问题。对上颌和下颌牙龈组织，从犬齿到犬齿通过跨段从正中线进行冷冻手术。冷冻手术后1个月，在下颌右中切牙和犬齿之间出现了一块死骨，并从该区域取出。在取出死骨的手术后1个月观察到2毫米的牙龈退缩。
冷冻手术等方法似乎对治疗GMP有效。在应用冷冻手术过程中可观察到各种并发症，如感染、出血、退缩和疼痛。必须仔细考虑色素沉着部位的解剖结构、牙龈宽度、角化牙龈长度、冷冻气体的剂量和应用距离。
