Department of Psychological Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Ann Palliat Med. 2020 Jul;9(4):1396-1403. doi: 10.21037/apm-19-416. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
Cognitive training may have an effect on promoting the maintenance of cognitive functions in healthy elderly adults. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) variant Val158Met (rs4680) is a wellstudied functional variant that has been associated with differences in cognitive functions. Whether this COMT polymorphism is associated with cognitive performance after training remains unknown. We tested whether the COMT Val158Met polymorphism could influence the cognitive function over time in healthy community-dwelling elderly adults who participated in a multi-domain cognitive training intervention.
A total of 147 healthy Chinese individuals at 70 years of age and older who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from one urban community in Shanghai. One group (n=88) accepted multi-domain cognitive training over the span of 12 weeks. The control group (n=59) did not receive any intervention. Individuals underwent a multi-domain neuropsychological test four times over the course of a year (baseline, post-intervention, and 6-12 months follow-up). Composite measures of cognitive function were identified from neuropsychological test scores via factor analysis. Effects of the intervention and carrying the COMT Val158Met allele on cognitive measures were evaluated via regression models.
In cross-sectional analysis there were no baseline effects of rs4680 on cognitive function (P>0.05) with or without adjustment for demographic covariates. There was a very subtle effect of rs4680 on measures of processing speed at the post-intervention time point (beta = -0.28±0.13, P=0.03) and at the 6-month post-intervention time point (beta = -0.31±0.14, P=0.02), but not at 12-month post-intervention (P=0.15). The rs4680 genotype did not exhibit any significant effect on any other cognitive measures. Furthermore, there were no significant effects of rs4680 genotype over time on cognitive measures regardless of cognitive training intervention.
COMT single nucleotide polymorphism rs4680 (Val158Met) does not appear to affect cognitive function over time in this cohort of individuals, nor does it interact to affect the intervention's effect on cognition over time. There are weak associations between rs4680 and processing speed but these must be interpreted with caution, as they do not appear to be consistent over time. The COMT Val158Met polymorphism does not appear to modify cognitive function following cognitive training in healthy elderly.
认知训练可能对促进健康老年人的认知功能维持有一定效果。儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶（COMT）变体 Val158Met（rs4680）是一个经过充分研究的功能变体，与认知功能的差异有关。这种 COMT 多态性是否与训练后的认知表现有关尚不清楚。我们检测了 COMT Val158Met 多态性是否可以影响参加多领域认知训练干预的健康社区居住的老年人群的认知功能随时间的变化。
从上海一个城市社区招募了 147 名符合纳入标准的 70 岁及以上的健康中国个体。一组（n=88）接受了为期 12 周的多领域认知训练。对照组（n=59）未接受任何干预。个体在一年的时间内进行了四次多领域神经心理学测试（基线、干预后和 6-12 个月随访）。通过因子分析从神经心理学测试分数中确定认知功能的综合测量值。通过回归模型评估干预和携带 COMT Val158Met 等位基因对认知测量的影响。
在横断面分析中，无论是否调整人口统计学协变量，rs4680 对认知功能的基线效应均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。rs4680 对干预后的加工速度测量值有一个非常细微的影响（β=-0.28±0.13，P=0.03）和干预后 6 个月的时间点（β=-0.31±0.14，P=0.02），但在干预后 12 个月时没有影响（P=0.15）。rs4680 基因型对任何其他认知测量均无显著影响。此外，无论认知训练干预如何，rs4680 基因型在认知测量上的时间变化均无显著影响。
在本队列中，COMT 单核苷酸多态性 rs4680（Val158Met）似乎不会随时间影响认知功能，也不会随时间影响干预对认知的影响。rs4680 与加工速度之间存在微弱关联，但应谨慎解释，因为它们似乎没有随时间保持一致。COMT Val158Met 多态性似乎不会在健康老年人进行认知训练后改变认知功能。
