Nagy B, Furka I, Dezsö B, Karmazsin L
University Medical School Debrecen, Department of Paediatrics.
Acta Paediatr Hung. 1988;29(3-4):271-80.
We studied correlation between airway hyper-responsiveness induced by local exposure to a macrophage inductor Broncho-Vaxom and the development of airway inflammation in dogs. To detect airway inflammation, bronchoalveolar lavage and biopsy of airway mucosa were performed. The airway responsiveness was registered by capnograph measuring gas-exchange disturbances during obstructive reactions provocated by inhalation of various concentrations of acetylcholine aerosol. Broncho-Vaxom generated a protracted airway inflammation characterized by a slight and reversible increase in the number of neutrophils at 24 h after induction, and by a long-lasting influx of macrophages peaked about at the second week. The number of macrophages turned to initial levels 3 weeks later. Macrophages migrating to the bronchoalveolar surface were activated because peroxidase positivity and bearing C3b receptors of these cells increased gradually during the inflammatory process. Airway responsiveness measured at 3, 6 and 24 h after induction did not differ significantly from baseline values, but hyper-responsiveness was developed at 96 h using 0.5 and 1.0% acetylcholine aerosol (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001) during the non-purulent, macrophage-mediated inflammation. This situation modelled by Broncho-Vaxom induction is very similar to those observed in children with recurrent obstructive bronchitis. The results suggest that a macrophage-mediated inflammation caused by antigens, infections or pollutants may generate a long-lasting airway hyper-responsiveness.
我们研究了局部暴露于巨噬细胞诱导剂支气管疫苗（Broncho-Vaxom）所诱发的气道高反应性与犬气道炎症发展之间的相关性。为检测气道炎症，进行了支气管肺泡灌洗和气道黏膜活检。通过二氧化碳描记仪记录气道反应性，该仪器用于测量吸入不同浓度乙酰胆碱气雾剂诱发的阻塞反应过程中的气体交换紊乱情况。支气管疫苗引发了一种持续性的气道炎症，其特征为诱导后24小时中性粒细胞数量轻微且可逆性增加，以及巨噬细胞的长期流入，在第二周左右达到峰值。3周后巨噬细胞数量恢复至初始水平。迁移至支气管肺泡表面的巨噬细胞被激活，因为在炎症过程中这些细胞的过氧化物酶阳性率和携带C3b受体的情况逐渐增加。诱导后3小时、6小时和24小时测量的气道反应性与基线值无显著差异，但在非脓性、巨噬细胞介导的炎症过程中，使用0.5%和1.0%乙酰胆碱气雾剂在96小时时出现了高反应性（p<0.01和p<0.001）。由支气管疫苗诱导所模拟的这种情况与复发性阻塞性支气管炎患儿中观察到的情况非常相似。结果表明，由抗原、感染或污染物引起的巨噬细胞介导的炎症可能会产生持久的气道高反应性。
