Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, 07743, Germany.
Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2021 Jan;65(1):e2000097. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000097. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
Inflammation-driven diseases and related comorbidities, such as the metabolic syndrome, obesity, fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases cause significant global burden. There is a growing body of evidence that nutrients alter inflammatory responses and can therefore make a decisive contribution to the treatment of these diseases. Recently, the inflammasome, a cytosolic multiprotein complex, has been identified as a key player in inflammation and the development of various inflammation-mediated disorders, with nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin domain (NLRP) 3 being the inflammasome of interest. Here an overview about the cellular signaling pathways underlying nuclear factor "kappa-light-chain-enhancer" of activated B-cells (NF-κB)- and NLRP3-mediated inflammatory processes, and the pathogenesis of the inflammatory diseases atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is provided; next, the current state of knowledge for drug-based and dietary-based interventions for treating cardiovascular diseases and NAFLD is discussed. To date, one of the most important antioxidants in the human diet is vitamin E. Various in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the different forms of vitamin E and also their derivatives have anti-inflammatory activity. Recent publications suggest that vitamin E-and possibly metabolites of vitamin E-are a promising therapeutic approach for treating inflammatory diseases such as NAFLD.
炎症相关疾病及相关合并症，如代谢综合征、肥胖症、脂肪肝和心血管疾病，造成了巨大的全球负担。越来越多的证据表明，营养素可以改变炎症反应，因此可以为这些疾病的治疗做出决定性的贡献。最近，胞浆多蛋白复合物——炎性小体，已被确定为炎症和各种炎症介导的疾病发展的关键因素，核苷酸结合域和富含亮氨酸重复吡咯烷域（NLRP）3 是炎性小体的研究热点。本文概述了核因子“κB 激活的 B 细胞的轻链增强子”（NF-κB）和 NLRP3 介导的炎症过程的细胞信号通路，以及动脉粥样硬化和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）等炎症性疾病的发病机制；接下来，讨论了基于药物和饮食的干预措施治疗心血管疾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝病的最新进展。迄今为止，维生素 E 是人类饮食中最重要的抗氧化剂之一。各种体外和体内研究表明，维生素 E 的不同形式及其衍生物具有抗炎活性。最近的出版物表明，维生素 E 及其可能的代谢物可能是治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病等炎症性疾病的一种有前途的治疗方法。
