Pak J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan;23(7):861-882. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.861.882.
Damietta branch is one of the two main branches of the Nile River (Egypt), that often inhabited by many aquatic organisms, which affect and reflect its water characteristics. This study examine the relation between submerged macrophytes, their epiphytic microalgae and bacterial communities as well as the variations in their distribution and species composition with respect to season and location.
Macrophytes, epiphytes and water samples were collected from 5 sites distributed along Damietta branch. Macrophytes, epiphytes and bacterial indicators of pollution were identified using standard methods.
Three submerged macrophytes (Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Potamogeton crispus) and 191 epiphytic algal taxa dominated by 87 Bacillariophyta and 62 Chlorophyta were recorded with significance seasonal and spatial variations. Myriophyllum spicatum was the most frequent macrophyte (p = 100%) and represent about 100, 100, 97.4 and 64.9% kg DW m-2 of the total collected macrophytes biomass during autumn, winter, spring and summer respectively. The relation between some epiphytic algal species and specific macrophytes was evident and the high organic pollution tolerant algal species like, Melosira granulata, Nitzschia palea, Synedra ulna, Oscillatoria limosa, Microcystis aeruginosa were recorded. Results of bacteriological analysis revealed a significance difference in total viable bacterial counts developed on either 22 or 37°C, total coliform, fecal coliform, fecal streptococci and Escherichia coli attributed to the seasons and sites.
The results indicated different relations between macrophytes, epiphytes and bacteria, which is a useful biological tool for characterization of water quality in Damietta branch for different purposes.
达米埃塔河是尼罗河的两个主要支流之一（埃及），经常有许多水生生物栖息于此，这些生物影响并反映了河水的特性。本研究旨在探讨沉水植物及其附生微藻和细菌群落之间的关系，以及它们的分布和物种组成随季节和地点的变化。
从达米埃塔河的 5 个地点采集沉水植物、附生藻类和水样。使用标准方法鉴定沉水植物、附生藻类和细菌污染指标。
记录了 3 种沉水植物（狐尾藻、金鱼藻和菹草）和 191 种附生藻类，其中以 87 种硅藻和 62 种绿藻为主，具有显著的季节性和空间变化。狐尾藻是最常见的沉水植物（p = 100%），分别占秋季、冬季、春季和夏季采集的沉水植物生物量的 100%、100%、97.4%和 64.9%。一些附生藻类物种与特定沉水植物之间的关系明显，高有机污染耐受藻类物种，如颗粒直链藻、脆杆藻、席藻、水华束丝藻和铜绿微囊藻。细菌学分析结果表明，在 22°C 或 37°C 下培养的总活菌数、总大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群、粪链球菌和大肠杆菌存在显著差异，这与季节和地点有关。
结果表明沉水植物、附生藻类和细菌之间存在不同的关系，这是一种有用的生物学工具，可用于不同目的的达米埃塔河水质特征描述。
