İngeç Cem, Evren Kılıçaslan Esin
Department of Psychiatry, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020 Dec;66(8):763-769. doi: 10.1177/0020764020943629. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
Childhood trauma (CT) has been shown to affect the etiology and clinical features of schizophrenia. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of CT on the age of onset (AoO) and clinical features of the disease by considering factors such as family history, head trauma, birth trauma, alcohol and substance abuse that may affect AoO of the disease.
The sample comprising 200 patients admitted to the outpatient and inpatient care at the Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Atatürk Education and Research Hospital psychiatry clinic, were included in the study. Socio-demographic information form, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and subscale of Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were applied.
All types of trauma, except physical abuse, were found related to the disease onset age earlier. It was also detected that the factors of head trauma, birth complication, presence of an individual diagnosed with schizophrenia in the family and migration history were not related to AoO of the disease. On the other hand, it was found that physical, emotional and sexual abuses lead to more positive psychotic symptoms, and all types of CT increase the severity of disease and the risk of suicide.
This study draws attention to the etiological importance of CT in schizophrenia as an environmental factor by showing that it affects AoO of the disease along with symptomatology. Future studies should focus on the pathogenesis of CT in schizophrenia and the interaction between CT and biological and genetic predisposition.
童年创伤（CT）已被证明会影响精神分裂症的病因和临床特征。本研究旨在通过考虑家族史、头部创伤、出生创伤、酒精和药物滥用等可能影响该疾病发病年龄（AoO）的因素，来探究童年创伤对精神分裂症发病年龄和临床特征的影响。
本研究纳入了200名在伊兹密尔卡迪普·切莱比大学阿塔图尔克教育与研究医院精神病科门诊和住院治疗的患者。应用了社会人口统计学信息表、阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）、儿童创伤问卷简表（CTQ-SF）以及迷你国际神经精神病学访谈（MINI）的子量表。
除身体虐待外，所有类型的创伤都与疾病发病年龄提前有关。还检测到头部创伤、出生并发症、家族中有精神分裂症患者以及移民史等因素与该疾病的发病年龄无关。另一方面，发现身体、情感和性虐待会导致更多的阳性精神病症状，并且所有类型的童年创伤都会增加疾病的严重程度和自杀风险。
本研究通过表明童年创伤会影响疾病的发病年龄以及症状学，从而将其作为一种环境因素在精神分裂症病因学中的重要性凸显出来。未来的研究应聚焦于童年创伤在精神分裂症中的发病机制以及童年创伤与生物和遗传易感性之间的相互作用。
