Felix Tara L, Long Chloe J, Stierwalt Madeline R, Carvalho Pedro H V, Blalock Howard M
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana.
Quality Liquid Feeds, Dodgeville, WI.
Transl Anim Sci. 2018 Apr 18;2(2):216-222. doi: 10.1093/tas/txy009. eCollection 2018 Apr.
Feeding cattle liquid supplements has become increasingly popular in the feedlot industry; however, optimal inclusion of liquid supplements in feedlot cattle diets is not known. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal inclusion of liquid supplementation to maximize growth performance and improve carcass characteristics, as well as estimate the energy value of liquid supplementation when used as a direct corn replacement, for feedlot steers fed a concentrate-based diet. Two hundred and eighty steer calves were stratified by BW into light (BW = 208 ± 9 kg; = 24) and heavy (BW = 275 ± 8 kg; = 16) pens. Pens within BW block were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 supplements: 1) dry at 4.5% inclusion (), 2) liquid (a proprietary blend from Quality Liquid Feeds; Dodgeville, WI) at 4.5% inclusion (), 3) liquid at 9% inclusion (), or 4) liquid at 13.5% inclusion (). The remainder of the diet was 47.5% to 55.5% dry rolled corn, 20% corn silage, and 20% modified wet distillers grains with solubles (DM basis). Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design and linear and quadratic were examined to determine effects of increasing dietary concentrations of liquid. Steers fed 4.5LIQ and 9LIQ had greater (quadratic; ≤ 0.05) final BW, HCW, and NE and NE, and less DMI as a percent of BW compared to steers fed 13.5LIQ. Steers fed 0LIQ were intermediate and not different from other treatments. However, ADG and total BW gain did not differ ( ≥ 0.15) among treatments. Despite the lack of treatment effect on live measures of gain, feeding steers 4.5LIQ and 9LIQ resulted in greater carcass ADG (quadratic; = 0.03), total carcass gain (quadratic; = 0.04), and more efficient carcass gain (quadratic; ≤ 0.01) compared to carcasses from steers fed 13.5LIQ. Feeding steers a liquid supplement at 9% of the diet, DM allowed for the greatest final BW and ADG in this study; however, there was no benefit of increasing liquid to 13.5%.
在育肥牛行业，给牛饲喂液体补充剂越来越普遍；然而，育肥牛日粮中液体补充剂的最佳添加量尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定液体补充剂的最佳添加量，以最大化生长性能并改善胴体特性，同时估计当用作直接替代玉米时液体补充剂的能量值，用于饲喂以精料为基础日粮的育肥牛阉牛。280头阉牛犊按体重分层，分为轻体重组（体重 = 208 ± 9千克；n = 24）和重体重组（体重 = 275 ± 8千克；n = 16）栏。体重组内的栏随机分配到4种补充剂中的1种：1）添加量为4.5%的干补充剂（0LIQ），2）添加量为4.5%的液体补充剂（一种来自Quality Liquid Feeds公司；威斯康星州道奇维尔）（4.5LIQ），3）添加量为9%的液体补充剂（9LIQ），或4）添加量为13.5%的液体补充剂（13.5LIQ）。日粮的其余部分为47.5%至55.5%的干碾压玉米、20%的玉米青贮和20%的改良湿酒糟及其可溶物（干物质基础）。数据作为随机完全区组设计进行分析，并检验线性和二次效应以确定增加日粮液体浓度的影响。与饲喂13.5LIQ的阉牛相比，饲喂4.5LIQ和9LIQ的阉牛最终体重、热胴体重、净能和代谢能更高（二次效应；P≤0.05），且干物质采食量占体重的百分比更低。饲喂0LIQ的阉牛处于中间水平，与其他处理无差异。然而，各处理间的平均日增重和总体重增加无差异（P≥0.15）。尽管在活体增重指标上缺乏处理效应，但与饲喂13.5LIQ的阉牛的胴体相比，饲喂4.5LIQ和9LIQ的阉牛的胴体平均日增重更高（二次效应；P = 0.03）、胴体总增重更高（二次效应；P = 0.04）且胴体增重效率更高（二次效应；P≤0.01）。在本研究中，日粮干物质中添加9%的液体补充剂使阉牛的最终体重和平均日增重最大；然而，将液体添加量增加到13.5%并无益处。
