波兰儿科人群急性呼吸道疾病发病率分析：基于“健康需求图谱”

Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.

Department of Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Adv Respir Med. 2020;88(3):204-214. doi: 10.5603/ARM.2020.0106.

INTRODUCTION

Statistical data on the structure of acute respiratory diseases incidence in the paediatric population are still scarce. The demand for such data results mainly from the need to constantly implement new systemic and economic solutions. The aim of the study was to attempt to use reported data for an assessment of the incidence of acute respiratory diseases in various age groups.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

An analysis of selected acute respiratory diseases was conducted in relation to diagnoses reported from 1 January to 31 December 2014 to the National Health Fund (NFZ, Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia) in accordance with the codes of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. The study was conducted under the Knowledge Education Development operational programme co-funded by the European Social Fund.

RESULTS

A total of 101,000 children were hospitalised due to acute respiratory diseases, which amounted to 1,554 hospitalisa-tions per 100.000. The most common causes of hospitalisation were pneumonia and bronchitis/bronchiolitis. Boys were hospital-ised more often in each age group. The shortest average length of stay (ALOS) was 5.21 days and concerned hospitalisation due to bronchitis. The longest length of stay for children was due to tuberculosis (14.3 days). The highest age average of a child was recorded in pleural diseases (10.51 years) and the lowest in bronchitis (2.93 years). Rehospitalisation was necessary in children in whom tuberculosis or pleural diseases were diagnosed (1.43 vs 1.34). A total of 67 inpatient deaths were recorded, of which 19 were due to pneumonia or its complications.

CONCLUSIONS

Epidemiological data reported to the National Health Fund (NFZ) seem quite reliable and do not differ significantly from those reported in other European countries. The analysed data may be useful in estimating health needs in paediatrics.

引言

儿科人群急性呼吸道疾病发病率的统计数据仍然稀缺。对这类数据的需求主要源于不断实施新的系统性和经济性解决方案的需求。本研究旨在尝试使用报告数据评估不同年龄组急性呼吸道疾病的发病率。

材料与方法

根据《国际疾病分类和相关健康问题统计代码第十版》，对 2014 年 1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日向国家卫生基金（NFZ）报告的诊断进行了选择的急性呼吸道疾病分析。该研究是在知识教育发展运营计划框架下进行的，该计划由欧洲社会基金共同资助。

结果

共有 101000 名儿童因急性呼吸道疾病住院，每 10 万人中有 1554 人住院。最常见的住院原因是肺炎和支气管炎/细支气管炎。每个年龄组男孩的住院率都较高。平均住院时间最短（ALOS）为 5.21 天，与支气管炎有关。因肺结核住院时间最长（14.3 天）。患有胸腔疾病的儿童年龄最大（10.51 岁），患支气管炎的儿童年龄最小（2.93 岁）。结核病或胸腔疾病诊断的儿童需要再次住院（1.43 比 1.34）。共记录了 67 例住院死亡，其中 19 例是由肺炎或其并发症引起的。