J Aging Phys Act. 2021 Feb 1;29(1):36-42. doi: 10.1123/japa.2019-0327. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
The decline of walking performance is a key determinant of morbidity among older adults. Healthy older adults have been shown to have a 15-20% lower walking economy compared with young adults. However, older adults who run for exercise have a higher walking economy compared with older adults who walk for exercise. Yet, it remains unclear if other aerobic exercises yield similar improvements on walking economy. The purpose of this study was to determine if regular bicycling exercise affects walking economy in older adults. We measured metabolic rate while 33 older adult "bicyclists" or "walkers" and 16 young adults walked on a level treadmill at four speeds between (0.75-1.75 m/s). Across the range of speeds, older bicyclists had a 9-17% greater walking economy compared with older walkers (p = .009). In conclusion, bicycling exercise mitigates the age-related deterioration of walking economy, whereas walking for exercise has a minimal effect on improving walking economy.
步行能力下降是老年人发病率的一个关键决定因素。研究表明，健康的老年人与年轻人相比，步行的经济性要低 15-20%。然而，与进行散步锻炼的老年人相比，进行跑步锻炼的老年人步行经济性更高。然而，目前尚不清楚其他有氧运动是否能对步行经济性产生类似的改善效果。本研究旨在确定定期骑自行车锻炼是否会影响老年人的步行经济性。我们在水平跑步机上以 4 种速度（0.75-1.75 m/s）测量了 33 名老年“自行车手”或“步行者”和 16 名年轻成年人的代谢率。在整个速度范围内，老年自行车手的步行经济性比老年步行者高 9-17%（p =.009）。总之，骑自行车锻炼减轻了与年龄相关的步行经济性下降，而进行散步锻炼对改善步行经济性的影响很小。
