胆汁酸结构和组成对葡萄糖内稳定的生理学重要性。
The Physiological Importance of Bile Acid Structure and Composition on Glucose Homeostasis.
机构信息
Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Russ Berrie Pavilion, Room 315, 1150 St. Nicholas Ave., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
出版信息
Curr Diab Rep. 2020 Jul 28;20(9):42. doi: 10.1007/s11892-020-01329-5.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Studies have identified several effects of bile acids (BAs) in glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and body weight control, through receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms. BAs are produced from cholesterol and characterized by their structures, which result from enzymes in the liver and the gut microbiota. The aim of this review is to characterize the effects of BA structure and composition on diabetes.
RECENT FINDINGS
The hydroxyl groups of BAs interact with binding pockets of receptors and enzymes that affect glucose homeostasis. Human and animal studies show that BA composition is associated with insulin resistance and food intake regulation. The hydroxylation of BAs and BA composition contributes to glucose regulation. Modulation of BA composition has the potential to improve glucose metabolism.
目的综述
通过受体依赖和非依赖机制，研究已经确定了胆汁酸（BAs）在葡萄糖稳态、能量消耗和体重控制方面的几种作用。BAs 由胆固醇产生，其结构特征是由肝脏和肠道微生物群中的酶产生的。本综述的目的是描述 BA 结构和组成对糖尿病的影响。
最近的发现
BAs 的羟基与影响葡萄糖稳态的受体和酶的结合口袋相互作用。人体和动物研究表明，BA 组成与胰岛素抵抗和食物摄入调节有关。BAs 的羟化和 BA 组成有助于葡萄糖调节。BA 组成的调节有可能改善葡萄糖代谢。
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