García-Béjar B, Árevalo-Villena M, Briones A
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
J Appl Microbiol. 2021 Mar;130(3):650-664. doi: 10.1111/jam.14795. Epub 2020 Sep 7.
This study aims to identify the yeast species and strains which entitled an unstudied area of Spain and evaluate the yeast species diversity richness and the genetic variety.
A total of 702 yeasts were isolated from different environments in a central Spanish region (La Mancha) with diverse sources of origin (food, animals, flowers and environmental sources) during spring season. Thanks to the analysis carried out by the PCR-RFLP technique and sequencing, 35 species were identified. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree was created based on D1/D2 sequences. Moreover 330 strains were determined by PCR-RAPD and their profiles were analysed using the bioinformatics programme BioNumerics 7·6. The Simpson's index (D) and the genetic diversity percentage were calculated with the aim of studying the richness of the species in each environment and the genetic variety in each species.
This study has permitted to know that the majority of the species found was Diutina rugosa while the most ubiquitous was Rhodotorula mucilaginosa which expose the dispersion capability of this species. The diversity parameters has revealed that the highest species richness was associated to environmental samples and the highest genetic variety was presented in those species with better dispersion capability or a smaller number of isolates.
This study permits to better understand the yeast communities in La Mancha region which gives a value the microbial potential of this region.
本研究旨在鉴定西班牙一个未被研究地区的酵母种类和菌株，并评估酵母种类的多样性丰富度和遗传多样性。
在春季，从西班牙中部地区（拉曼恰）不同环境中，分离出了总共702株酵母，这些酵母来自不同来源（食物、动物、花卉和环境源）。通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术和测序分析，鉴定出35个物种。基于D1/D2序列构建了邻接法系统发育树。此外，通过PCR-随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）确定了330株菌株，并使用生物信息学程序BioNumerics 7·6分析了它们的图谱。计算了辛普森指数（D）和遗传多样性百分比，以研究每个环境中物种的丰富度和每个物种的遗传多样性。
本研究发现，所发现的大多数物种是皱皮迪氏酵母，而最普遍存在的是粘红酵母，这显示了该物种的扩散能力。多样性参数表明，最高的物种丰富度与环境样本相关，而最高的遗传多样性出现在那些扩散能力较强或分离株数量较少的物种中。
本研究有助于更好地了解拉曼恰地区的酵母群落，这为该地区的微生物潜力赋予了价值。
