Shiraishi Jun-Ichi, Shimada Hikari, Matsuda Ryuzo, Ohta Yoshiyuki
Laboratory of Applied animal biochemistry, Graduate School of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
J Poult Sci. 2020 Jul 25;57(3):229-235. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0190114.
Feeding behavior and energy metabolism are precisely regulated by humoral and/or neural factors in the central nervous system. In particular, nuclei, such as the arcuate nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, and lateral hypothalamic area located near the third ventricle of the hypothalamus are the centers of feeding and energy metabolism in various vertebrate species, including chickens. In this study, we evaluated the effects of cannulation of the third ventricle on chick growth and feeding behavior in the neonatal stage, to develop a method for local and chronic central nervous system-mediated energy metabolism. Referring to the chick brain atlas, a guide cannula was inserted into the third ventricle of the chick under anesthesia immediately after hatching using a stereotaxic instrument. The chicks that recovered from anesthesia were bred for 11 days under normal feeding management conditions, and then feed intake amount, body weight gain, and metabolic tissue weight were measured. The effects of direct stimulation of the third ventricle with 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the expression level of the immediate-early gene, , and feed intake in 5-day-old chicks were also evaluated. There were no differences in feed intake, body weight gain, and metabolic tissue weight between 11-day-old cannulated and control chicks. The expression of mRNA in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus was higher than that in the amygdala after the third ventricular administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Additionally, direct third ventricular injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose attenuated the feeding behavior of chicks for a while. Overall, we speculate that the technique is effective for local and/or chronic stimulation of the nucleus near the third ventricle of the chick hypothalamus, which is important for feed and energy metabolism regulation.
摄食行为和能量代谢受到中枢神经系统中体液和/或神经因素的精确调节。特别是，位于下丘脑第三脑室附近的核团，如弓状核、腹内侧下丘脑核和外侧下丘脑区，是包括鸡在内的各种脊椎动物物种摄食和能量代谢的中心。在本研究中，我们评估了第三脑室插管对雏鸡新生期生长和摄食行为的影响，以开发一种用于局部和慢性中枢神经系统介导的能量代谢的方法。参照鸡脑图谱，在孵化后立即使用立体定位仪在麻醉状态下将引导套管插入雏鸡的第三脑室。从麻醉中恢复的雏鸡在正常饲养管理条件下饲养11天，然后测量采食量、体重增加和代谢组织重量。还评估了用2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖直接刺激第三脑室对5日龄雏鸡即刻早期基因表达水平和采食量的影响。11日龄插管雏鸡和对照雏鸡在采食量、体重增加和代谢组织重量方面没有差异。在第三脑室注射2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖后，腹内侧下丘脑核中mRNA的表达高于杏仁核中的表达。此外，直接向第三脑室注射2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖会在一段时间内减弱雏鸡的摄食行为。总体而言，我们推测该技术对于局部和/或慢性刺激鸡下丘脑第三脑室附近的核团是有效的，这对于饲料和能量代谢调节很重要。
