School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India.
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India; Affiliate Faculty-TIET-Virginia Tech Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, India.
J Environ Manage. 2020 Nov 1;273:111096. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111096. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
Environmental sustainability criteria and rising energy demands, exhaustion of conventional resources of energy followed by environmental degradation due to abrupt climate changes have shifted the attention of scientists to seek renewable sources of green and clean energy for sustainable development. Bioenergy is an excellent alternative since it can be applied for several energy-requirements after utilizing suitable conversion methodology. This review elucidates all aspects of biofuels (bioethanol, biodiesel, and butanol) and their sustainability criteria. The principal focus is on the latest developments in biofuel production chiefly stressing on the role of nanotechnology. A plethora of investigations regarding the emerging techniques for process improvement like integration methods, less energy-intensive distillation techniques, and bioengineering of microorganisms are discussed. This can assist in making biofuel-production in a real-world market more economically and environmentally viable.
环境可持续性标准和不断增长的能源需求，以及能源的传统资源枯竭，加上气候变化的突然加剧导致的环境恶化，使得科学家们将注意力转向寻找可再生的绿色清洁能源，以实现可持续发展。生物能源是一个很好的选择，因为它可以在利用合适的转化方法后，应用于多种能源需求。本综述阐述了生物燃料（生物乙醇、生物柴油和丁醇）及其可持续性标准的各个方面。主要重点是生物燃料生产的最新发展，主要强调了纳米技术的作用。大量关于改进工艺的新兴技术的研究，如集成方法、能耗更低的蒸馏技术和微生物的生物工程，都进行了讨论。这有助于使生物燃料在现实市场中的生产在经济和环境上更可行。
