成人注意缺陷/多动障碍的门诊治疗。

Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the ambulatory care setting.

机构信息

At the time this article was written, Adanna Hackett, Rose Joseph, and Kevlin Robinson were students in the PA program at the University of Lynchburg in Lynchburg, Va. At the University of Lynchburg, Jeremy Welsh is dean and chair of the School of PA Medicine and senior associate dean of the College of Health Science; Joyce Nicholas is a professor and director of evaluation, assessment, and compliance; and Eric Schmidt is an assistant professor. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

出版信息

JAAPA. 2020 Aug;33(8):12-16. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000684108.89007.52.

DOI:10.1097/01.JAA.0000684108.89007.52

PMID:32740107

Abstract

Adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a significant and prevalent disorder. ADHD can impair adults' quality of life, so clinicians in multiple specialties should be able to recognize and treat the disorder. Much of the current literature has focused on childhood ADHD. However, adult ADHD is a common comorbidity in patients with mental illness, and it is essential that patients diagnosed with the disorder are treated appropriately, which can significantly improve outcomes. Adults with untreated ADHD are more likely to have substance dependence, job instability, and an overall poorer quality of life. This article reviews the screening and assessment for adult ADHD along with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic recommendations for the management of the disorder.

摘要

成人注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种严重且普遍存在的疾病。ADHD 会损害成年人的生活质量，因此多个专业的临床医生都应该能够识别和治疗这种疾病。目前的大部分文献都集中在儿童 ADHD 上。然而，成人 ADHD 是精神疾病患者的常见共病，对患有这种疾病的患者进行适当的治疗至关重要，这可以显著改善治疗效果。未经治疗的 ADHD 成年人更有可能出现物质依赖、工作不稳定以及整体生活质量较差的情况。本文回顾了成人 ADHD 的筛查和评估，以及针对该疾病的药物和非药物治疗建议。