Acute thrombosis of the carotid artery associated with positional nystagmus at multiple planes.

OBJECTIVE

An acute onset central pathology without any clear neurological symptoms may mimic peripheral vestibular problem in an emergency setting. A 54-year-old man suddenly developed dizziness without any cranial nerve symptoms, paresis, cerebellar signs or sensory disturbances except upbeat positional nystagmus at multiple provoked positions which alerted for a possible acute central pathology.

FINDINGS

An instantaneous magnetic resonance imaging and angiography studies further showed obstruction of the left internal carotid artery above the bifurcation. The patient's subsequent prognosis was consistent with good recovery following anti-coagulant therapy. A follow-up MRI and angiography showed resolution of thrombosis.

CONCLUSION

It should be kept in mind that positional nystagmus is likely to occur in central pathologies. Differentiation between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and central positioning nystagmus is critical.