2006 年至 2015 年吸毒者住院趋势及相关因素：来自意大利中部地区医院出院登记的观察性研究

Trend in Hospital Admissions of Drug Addicts and Associated Factors from 2006 to 2015: an Observational Study on the Hospitals' Discharge Registries from a Region of Central Italy.

机构信息

Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

出版信息

Ann Ig. 2020 Jul-Aug;32(4):376-384. doi: 10.7416/ai.2020.2361.

DOI:10.7416/ai.2020.2361

PMID:32744296

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Several social, economic and political factors have contributed to the global spread of alcohol and other drugs. Drug addiction represents a huge expense for the society in terms of direct and indirect health and social consequences, as it is associated with numerous medical issues such as HIV, other infections and psychiatric disturbances.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was the assessment of the hospital admissions among drug addicted patients in Abruzzo Region, central Italy, from 2006 to 2015, in order to clarify the specific causes of hospitalization.

METHODS

Data were collected from all hospital discharge records, taking into account only the hospital discharge registrations coded 304 (drug dependence). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate factors associated with main causes of the admission.

RESULTS

Between 2006 and 2015, an amount of 2,159 drug-addicted subjects, aged 38.0±9.7 years, were admitted to hospital. Most of the admissions occurred in public hospitals (2,039, 94.4%), through the emergency room access (1,503, 69.6%) From an amount of 2,159 hospitalizations, 1,178 (54.6%) were first and 981 (45.4%) were subsequent admissions. The most frequent cause of hospitalization was "Psychosis" (419, 19.4%). The trend by range of age showed a progressive reduction in hospital admissions for patients aged < 45 y. Further, an increase in the hospitalization rate was estimated over recent years among drug addict subjects aged 25-45 years. Cannabis consumption was associated with mental disorder admissions (OR: 3.16, p<0.001), opioid consumption was associated with hepatic disorder admission (OR:2.16, p<0.001) and cardiovascular admissions (OR: 1,78, p<0.001), and cocaine was associated with cardiovascular admissions (OR:1,55, p:<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Mental disorders result to be the leading cause of hospitalization among drug-addicts, principally associated with cannabis abuse. Opioid and cocaine abuse was associated with hepatic and cardiovascular disorders.

摘要

背景

一些社会、经济和政治因素导致了酒精和其他药物在全球范围内的传播。吸毒成瘾给社会带来了巨大的经济负担，不仅直接影响健康，还带来了诸多社会问题，如 HIV、其他感染和精神障碍等。

目的

本研究旨在评估意大利中部阿布鲁佐地区 2006 年至 2015 年吸毒成瘾患者的住院情况，以明确住院的具体原因。

方法

从所有住院记录中收集数据，仅考虑编码为 304（药物依赖）的住院记录。采用多变量逻辑回归评估与主要入院原因相关的因素。

结果

2006 年至 2015 年间，共有 2159 名年龄为 38.0±9.7 岁的吸毒成瘾者住院。大多数住院发生在公立医院（2039 例，94.4%），通过急诊室（1503 例，69.6%）入院。在 2159 例住院中，首次住院 1178 例（54.6%），再次住院 981 例（45.4%）。最常见的住院原因是“精神病”（419 例，19.4%）。按年龄范围的趋势显示，<45 岁的患者住院人数逐渐减少。此外，近年来 25-45 岁吸毒者的住院率有所增加。大麻消费与精神障碍住院相关（OR：3.16，p<0.001），阿片类药物消费与肝障碍住院相关（OR：2.16，p<0.001）和心血管疾病住院相关（OR：1.78，p<0.001），可卡因与心血管疾病住院相关（OR：1.55，p<0.001）。