Bartłomiej Kowalczyk, Chair and Department of Biophysics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland. Tel: +48 81 448 6338,
J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(7):739-744. doi: 10.1007/s12603-020-1399-z.
Age is one of the most frequent reasons mentioned for the deterioration in human postural stability. Involution processes associated with a deterioration of stability are primarily: a slowing of the motor reactions related to a decline in the average conduction rate of nerve impulses, loss of muscle mass, loss of receptors in the balance controlling organs, and a decrease in visual acuity. The aim of this study was to determine in which organ, responsible for controlling human balance, changes will already appear in early old age, and whether these changes can be diagnosed using CDP.
The study was conducted on a group of 141 women (41 elderly aged 65.5 ± 4.6 years, 100 young women aged 20.7 ± 1.2 years). The posturographic study was carried out using the dynamic EquiTest posturograph manufactured by NeuroCom International. The study protocol included the Sensory Organisation Test (SOT), the Motor Control Test (MCT) and the Adaptation Test (ADT).
The SOT results show significantly greater displacements of the body's Centre of Gravity projected onto the posture plane in the anterior-posterior direction in the elderly under all test conditions. The Latencies, determined from MCT, differed significantly between the two groups under all test conditions.
In women aged over 60, the perception of stimuli received by the visual and vestibular organs is impaired and their proficiency in controlling body balance is lower. Thus, they are more likely to adopt a hip strategy to maintain balance.
年龄是导致人类姿势稳定性下降的最常见原因之一。与稳定性下降相关的退行性变化主要包括：与神经冲动平均传导率下降相关的运动反应减慢、肌肉质量损失、平衡控制器官中的受体损失以及视力下降。本研究旨在确定在哪个器官中，负责控制人体平衡的器官会在早期老年时出现变化，以及这些变化是否可以通过 CDP 进行诊断。
该研究在 141 名女性（41 名年龄为 65.5 ± 4.6 岁的老年人，100 名年龄为 20.7 ± 1.2 岁的年轻女性）中进行。使用 NeuroCom International 制造的动态 EquiTest 姿势描记仪进行了姿势描记研究。研究方案包括感觉组织测试（SOT）、运动控制测试（MCT）和适应测试（ADT）。
SOT 结果显示，在所有测试条件下，老年人的重心在姿势平面上的前后方向上的投影位移明显更大。在所有测试条件下，Latencies（从 MCT 确定）在两组之间存在显著差异。
在 60 岁以上的女性中，视觉和前庭器官接收的刺激感知受损，其控制身体平衡的能力较低。因此，他们更有可能采用臀部策略来维持平衡。
