Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Dec 1;746:141239. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141239. Epub 2020 Jul 25.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ensiling on vitamin A (retinol) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) contents in the total mixed ration (TMR) containing different types of herbage. Oat hay (O-TMR), alfalfa hay (A-TMR) and oat hay + alfalfa hay (OA-TMR) were separately mixed with soybean milk residue, corn meal, soybean meal, salt and a vitamin-mineral supplement to make the TMR. The TMR was sampled after 0, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of ensiling. The fermentation quality, chemical composition and contents of vitamins A and E were determined. The vitamin A content was affected by the ensiling and herbage type (p < 0.05). After 56 days of ensiling, the three TMR silages had good fermentation quality, but the vitamin A content of O-TMR, OA-TMR and A-TMR decreased by 59.4%, 58.1% and 53.7%, respectively. Moreover, the content of vitamin A was positively correlated with the pH and negatively correlated with the lactic acid content during the 56 days of ensiling of the TMR silages. However, there were no effects of ensiling and herbage type on the vitamin E content. Thus, the preservation strategy for vitamin A in the TMR during ensiling requires further study.
本研究旨在评估青贮对含有不同类型草料的全混合日粮（TMR）中维生素 A（视黄醇）和维生素 E（α-生育酚）含量的影响。分别将燕麦干草（O-TMR）、苜蓿干草（A-TMR）和燕麦干草+苜蓿干草（OA-TMR）与豆浆渣、玉米粉、豆粕、盐和维生素-矿物质补充剂混合制成 TMR。在青贮后 0、7、14、28 和 56 天分别采集 TMR 样品。测定发酵品质、化学成分和维生素 A、E 含量。维生素 A 含量受青贮和草料类型的影响（p<0.05）。青贮 56 天后，三种 TMR 青贮具有良好的发酵品质，但 O-TMR、OA-TMR 和 A-TMR 的维生素 A 含量分别下降了 59.4%、58.1%和 53.7%。此外，在 TMR 青贮的 56 天过程中，维生素 A 的含量与 pH 值呈正相关，与乳酸含量呈负相关。然而，青贮和草料类型对维生素 E 含量没有影响。因此，需要进一步研究青贮过程中 TMR 中维生素 A 的保存策略。
