[A summary of data of screening of the lower limb peripheral arterial diseases in the region of Northern Hungary].

INTRODUCTION

The screening tool for diagnosing lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is the assessment of the ankle-brachial index (ABI). In patients at risk for LEAD, the purpose of screening is to avoid major adverse limb events, such as amputation. However, resting ABI can easily produce a false negative result.

AIM

In light of this, our goal was to test the usefulness of an easily performed, fast and cost-effective screening method and to determine the proportion of subjects without definitive diagnoses among patients screened in general practice (with special attention to groups having negative ABI with symptoms and patients with non-compressible arteries).

METHOD

680 patients were screened from the region of Northern Hungary. We used the Edinburgh Questionnaire, recorded medical histories, major risk factors, current complaints, and medication. Physical examinations were performed, including ABI testing.

RESULTS

34% complained about lower extremity claudication; 23% had abnormal ABI values; 14% of the patients within the normal ABI range had complaints of dysbasia; 12% were in the non-compressible artery group. The ABI-negative symptomatic group's risk factor profile showed a close similarity to the clear LEAD-positive and non-compressible artery groups.

CONCLUSION

The percentage of LEAD could be higher than the number of patients diagnosed by ABI screening. Nearly a quarter of the population fell into the non-compressible artery and ABI-negative symptomatic groups. When screening purposely for LEAD, these patients deserve special attention due to the insufficient selectivity and sensitivity of measurements. If there is a high clinical suspicion of LEAD in spite of normal ABI values, further assessment may be considered. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(33): 1381-1389.