[Cysts of septum pellucidum, cavum vergae and cavum veli interpositi. Meta-analysis of 368 cases].

OBJECTIVE

To review and systematize literature data on the incidence of cysts of septum pellucidum, cavum vergae and cavum veli interpositi, their clinical manifestations, indications for surgical treatment and optimal surgical approach.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

An analysis included 72 manuscripts devoted to epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical symptoms and results of surgical treatment of brain cysts. Case reports, series of cases, reviews and original studies were analyzed.

RESULTS

Septum pellucidum cavity is always formed throughout an embryogenesis and persists in 20.34% of adults. Cavum vergae is observed in 2.32% of adults. Cyst of septum pellucidum is detected in 0.04% of adults. Analysis of 368 cases of cysts of septum pellucidum, cavum vergae and cavum veli interpositi has shown that clinical picture consists of headache (50% of cases), convulsive syndrome (23.6%), reduced intelligence (20.1%), behavioural disorders (15.8%), dizziness, nausea and vomiting (10.9%). Hydrocephalus occurs in 16.6% of cases. Endoscopic wall fenestration is preferred for cyst management.

CONCLUSION

Brain cysts are rare and characterized by non-specific clinical manifestations. Symptomatic cyst is an indication for surgical treatment. Surgical treatment usually ensures regression of symptoms and low risk of complications.