Wang Yimin, Wang Shan, Wu Hongxia, Liu Xinxin, Ma Jinyou, Khan Muhammad Akram, Riaz Aayesha, Wang Lei, Qiu Hua-Ji, Sun Yuan
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Jul 15;11:1470. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01470. eCollection 2020.
Neuron-invading viruses usually enter via the peripheral organs/tissues of their mammalian hosts and are transported to the neurons. Virus trafficking is critical for transport or spread within the nervous system. Primary culture of neurons is a valuable and indispensable method for neurobiological research, allowing researchers to investigate basic mechanisms of diverse neuronal functions as well as retrograde and anterograde virus transport in neuronal axons. Primary ganglion sensory neurons from mice can be cultured in a compartmentalized culture device, which allows spatial fluidic separation of cell bodies and distal axons. These neurons serve as an important model for investigating the transport of viruses between the neuronal soma and distal axons. Alphaherpesviruses are fascinating and important human and animal pathogens, they replicate and establish lifelong latent infection in the peripheral nervous system, the mechanism of the viral transport along the axon is the key to understand the virus spread in the nervous system. In this review, we briefly introduce and evaluate the most frequently used compartmentalization tools in viral transport research, with particular emphasis on alphaherpesviruses.
侵入神经元的病毒通常通过其哺乳动物宿主的外周器官/组织进入，并被运输到神经元。病毒运输对于在神经系统内的运输或传播至关重要。神经元原代培养是神经生物学研究中一种有价值且不可或缺的方法，它使研究人员能够研究多种神经元功能的基本机制以及病毒在神经元轴突中的逆行和顺行运输。来自小鼠的原代神经节感觉神经元可以在分隔培养装置中培养，该装置允许细胞体和远端轴突进行空间流体分离。这些神经元是研究病毒在神经元胞体和远端轴突之间运输的重要模型。甲型疱疹病毒是引人关注且重要的人类和动物病原体，它们在周围神经系统中复制并建立终身潜伏感染，病毒沿轴突运输的机制是理解病毒在神经系统中传播的关键。在这篇综述中，我们简要介绍和评估了病毒运输研究中最常用的分隔工具，尤其着重于甲型疱疹病毒。
