Parry Sarah J, Ean Nil, Sinclair Shirley P, Wilkinson Ewan
OMF International (Cambodia), #3, Street 604, Tuol Kork, PO Box 570, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Department of Psychology, Royal University of Phnom Penh, #110, Russian Federation Boulevard, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Int J Ment Health Syst. 2020 Jul 29;14:53. doi: 10.1186/s13033-020-00385-4. eCollection 2020.
Despite the increasing recognition globally of the importance of mental health for sustainable development, significant barriers remain to developing mental health services in low- and middle-income countries. This study explored the particular barriers and opportunities for developing mental health services in Cambodia and how these compared with those described in other low- and middle-income countries.
For this qualitative study, 18 experienced mental health professionals from different disciplines were selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were carried out in Phnom Penh and thematic analysis of the data was completed.
Five key themes were identified: (1) Prioritising mental health in Cambodia, (2) Strengthening collaborations between mental health stakeholders, (3) Developing a mental healthcare model appropriate for the Cambodian culture and context, (4) Increasing the quantity and (5) Improving the quality of mental healthcare. All five themes were referred to by all 18 participants and the two most repeated themes were (2) Strengthening collaborations and (5) Improving the quality of mental healthcare.
The themes identified in this study both corroborate previous barriers identified to developing mental health services in low- and middle-income countries and shed new light on opportunities of particular importance in Cambodia. Strengthening collaborations between key stakeholders in mental health and prioritising the quality of mental health education, training and service provision were both cited as being significant opportunities for enhancing the development of mental health services in Cambodia. These have not been widely described before as being important factors.
尽管全球日益认识到心理健康对可持续发展的重要性，但在低收入和中等收入国家发展心理健康服务仍存在重大障碍。本研究探讨了柬埔寨发展心理健康服务的特殊障碍和机遇，以及这些与其他低收入和中等收入国家所描述的情况相比如何。
对于这项定性研究，采用目的抽样法从不同学科中挑选了18名经验丰富的心理健康专业人员。在金边进行了半结构化访谈，并完成了数据的主题分析。
确定了五个关键主题：（1）柬埔寨心理健康的优先排序，（2）加强心理健康利益相关者之间的合作，（3）开发适合柬埔寨文化和背景的心理保健模式，（4）增加心理保健的数量，（5）提高心理保健的质量。所有18名参与者都提到了这五个主题，其中被提及最多的两个主题是（2）加强合作和（5）提高心理保健质量。
本研究确定的主题既证实了先前在低收入和中等收入国家发展心理健康服务时发现的障碍，也为柬埔寨特别重要的机遇提供了新的见解。加强心理健康关键利益相关者之间的合作以及将心理健康教育、培训和服务提供的质量作为优先事项，都被认为是促进柬埔寨心理健康服务发展的重大机遇。这些以前并未被广泛描述为重要因素。
