Sharma Pooja, Tripathi Sonam, Chandra Ram
Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Central University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025, India.
Heliyon. 2020 Jul 28;6(7):e04559. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04559. eCollection 2020 Jul.
The present manuscript has focused on the heavy metal; accumulation potential by common native plants i.e. L., , and growing on the disposed of pulp and paper mill effluent sludge. The sludge showed the abundance of benzene propanoic acid tert- butyldimethylsilyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, TMS, Hexadecanoic acid, TMS, cinnamic acid-α-phenyl-TMS ester, β-sitosterol TMS, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as residual complex organic compounds along with heavy metals Fe (98.30 mg/L), Zn (51.00 mg/L), Cu (3.21 mg/L), Cd (9.11 mg/L), Mn (18.27 mg/L), Ni (5.21 mg/L), (Hg 0.014 mg/L) which were above the prescribed limit of environmental standard. The complexation of organic compounds with heavy metal restricts the bioavailability of metals to plants. But the metal analysis in various parts of the plant showed a significant amount of metal accumulation. Further, histological observations of root tissue through TEM showed apparent deposition of metal granules near the cell wall and vacuole as adoption features of plants. But the variable concentration of metal accumulation in different parts by various plants indicated the variable potential of tested plants with various metals. This also indicated their metal bio-availability and movement to plant tissue. Further, their bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) > 1.0 indicated the hyperaccumulation tendency of plants Mn was accumulated maximum in leaves (69.38 mg/kg) followed by Cu (25.75 mg/kg ), As (23.20 mg/kg ), Fe (20.90 mg/kg ) and Pb was maximum accumulated (22.41 mg/kg ) in leaves. The result revealed that arsenic has been accumulated in higher amount root, shoot and leaves of all tested plants. The metal accumulator plants showed phytoremediation potential also by reducing various pollution parameters after growth on sludge. These potential plants may be used as biotechnological tools for the eco-restoration of polluted sites.
本手稿聚焦于生长在造纸厂废水处理污泥上的常见本土植物，即[植物名称1]、[植物名称2]和[植物名称3]对重金属的积累潜力。该污泥显示出大量的苯丙酸叔丁基二甲基硅酯、十八烷酸、三甲基硅酯、十六烷酸、三甲基硅酯、肉桂酸-α-苯基-三甲基硅酯、β-谷甾醇三甲基硅酯、4-巯基苯甲酸等残留复杂有机化合物，以及重金属铁（98.30毫克/升）、锌（51.00毫克/升）、铜（3.21毫克/升）、镉（9.11毫克/升）、锰（18.27毫克/升）、镍（5.21毫克/升）、汞（0.014毫克/升），这些重金属含量超过了环境标准的规定限值。有机化合物与重金属的络合作用限制了金属对植物的生物有效性。但对植物各个部位的金属分析表明，植物积累了大量的金属。此外，通过透射电子显微镜对根组织进行的组织学观察显示，金属颗粒明显沉积在细胞壁和液泡附近，这是植物的适应特征。但不同植物不同部位的金属积累浓度不同，表明受试植物对不同金属的积累潜力不同。这也表明了它们对金属的生物有效性以及向植物组织的移动性。此外，它们的生物富集系数（BCF）和转运系数（TF）>1.0表明植物具有超积累趋势。锰在叶片中的积累量最大（69.38毫克/千克），其次是铜（25.75毫克/千克）、砷（23.20毫克/千克）、铁（20.90毫克/千克），铅在[植物名称]叶片中的积累量最大（22.41毫克/千克）。结果表明，所有受试植物的根、茎和叶中都积累了较高含量的砷。这些金属积累植物在污泥上生长后，通过降低各种污染参数，也显示出植物修复潜力。这些潜在植物可作为生物技术工具用于污染场地的生态修复。
