Rutkow I M, Hempel K
Freehold (NJ) Area Hospital.
Arch Surg. 1988 Jan;123(1):115-21. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1988.01400250125026.
Dr William Halsted firmly believed that the young physician achieved greater surgical maturity by observing the practice of surgery in countries in addition to his own. To promote this belief, Halsted initiated the concept of exchanging residents between training programs in different lands. This article presents a review of that historic first international exchange of residents. This glimpse into the past is accomplished by presenting previously unpublished letters of Halsted; Hermann Küttner, director of a surgical clinic in Germany; George Heuer, a resident from The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore; and Felix Landois, a resident from Küttner's clinic.
威廉·霍尔斯特德医生坚信，年轻医生通过观察本国以外其他国家的外科手术实践，能在手术方面更加成熟。为了推广这一理念，霍尔斯特德提出了在不同国家的培训项目之间交换住院医师的概念。本文回顾了那次具有历史意义的首次国际住院医师交换。通过展示霍尔斯特德此前未发表的信件、德国一家外科诊所主任赫尔曼·库特纳、巴尔的摩约翰·霍普金斯医院的住院医师乔治·休尔以及库特纳诊所的住院医师费利克斯·兰多伊斯的信件，得以一窥往昔。
