Chen Qiqing, Santos Mauricius Marques Dos, Tanabe Philip, Harraka Gary T, Magnuson Jason T, McGruer Victoria, Qiu Wenhui, Shi Huahong, Snyder Shane A, Schlenk Daniel
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, #06-08, 637141, Singapore; Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E James E Rogers Way, Harshbarger 108, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0011, USA.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Jan 5;401:123421. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123421. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
In this study, fragments of polyethylene plastic bags were treated with simulated gastric juice of fish for 16 h. Following solid-phase extraction, methanol eluents caused acute toxicity to embryos and larvae of Japanese medaka. Chromatographic fractions (polar to more non-polar with numbers increasing) of the extract were evaluated for toxicity and estrogenic activity using medaka and an estrogen receptor (ER) cell-line. Fractions 6 and 9 had the highest estrogenic effects with relative hydrophobic chemicals. The vtg expression in fraction 6 was 22-fold higher than control, and the ER cellular response in fraction 9 was 8.5-fold higher than controls. Following non-target screening (NTS), several novel phthalates and phenols were identified in the above two fractions. Fractions 1 and 2 appeared to be primarily responsible for the acute toxicity observed with the whole extract. The hatching rate decreased to 36 % in fraction 2, and was not observed following exposure to fraction 1. NTS of these fractions indicated 635 and 808 entities, respectively, most without toxicity information. These results indicate plastic leachates from gastric juices of fish are complex mixtures of many compounds that can have acute reproductive and sublethal endocrine impacts in fish.
在本研究中，聚乙烯塑料袋碎片用鱼的模拟胃液处理16小时。固相萃取后，甲醇洗脱液对日本青鳉的胚胎和幼体产生急性毒性。使用青鳉和雌激素受体（ER）细胞系对提取物的色谱馏分（从极性到非极性，编号递增）进行毒性和雌激素活性评估。馏分6和9对相对疏水的化学物质具有最高的雌激素效应。馏分6中的vtg表达比对照高22倍，馏分9中的ER细胞反应比对照高8.5倍。经过非靶向筛选（NTS），在上述两个馏分中鉴定出几种新型邻苯二甲酸盐和酚类。馏分1和2似乎是整个提取物观察到的急性毒性的主要原因。馏分2中的孵化率降至36%，暴露于馏分1后未观察到孵化现象。这些馏分的NTS分别表明有635和808种物质，大多数没有毒性信息。这些结果表明，来自鱼胃液的塑料渗滤液是许多化合物的复杂混合物，可对鱼类产生急性生殖和亚致死内分泌影响。
