Elahi Shirvan Majid, Taherian Tahereh, Yazdanmehr Elham
Department of English Language, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
Department of English Language, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jul 14;11:1391. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01391. eCollection 2020.
Following the recent shift from negative psychology to positive psychology, interest in foreign language enjoyment (FLE) has grown noticeably in second language acquisition. Given the fact that learners are "persons-in-context" and are not "ergodic ensembles," the particular learner-context ecosystem goes through ongoing momentary changes with respect to individual differences like FLE. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) contributes to our understanding of the dynamics of this ecosystem in terms of the interaction between individual learners and their learning environments. In this study, using a time-based sampling scheme of EMA, we explored the dynamism of different facets of FLE across different timescales including seconds, minutes, weeks, and months in a course of intermediate English as a foreign language. To do this, we applied open-ended interviews with two intermediate English language learners in a private English language institute across months, journals across weeks, enjoymeters across minutes, and the idiodynamic approach across seconds. Findings indicated that enjoyment in foreign language fluctuates in terms of a hierarchy of temporal scales, from moment-to-moment changes to the ones over months. The emerging patterns of enjoyment across different timescales in terms of the tenets of complex dynamic systems theory are discussed.
随着近期从消极心理学向积极心理学的转变，在外语习得领域，人们对享受外语（FLE）的兴趣显著增长。鉴于学习者是“情境中的个体”而非“遍历性集合”，特定的学习者 - 情境生态系统会随着诸如享受外语这类个体差异不断经历瞬间变化。生态瞬时评估（EMA）有助于我们从个体学习者与其学习环境之间的相互作用方面理解这个生态系统的动态变化。在本研究中，我们采用基于时间的生态瞬时评估抽样方案，探讨了在一门中级对外英语课程中，享受外语不同方面在包括秒、分钟、周和月等不同时间尺度上的动态变化。为此，我们对一家私立英语语言机构的两名中级英语学习者进行了为期数月的开放式访谈、为期数周的日志记录、为期数分钟的享受度测量以及为期数秒的动觉测量法。研究结果表明，外语学习中的享受度会在从瞬间变化到数月变化的时间尺度层次上波动。我们还根据复杂动态系统理论的原则讨论了不同时间尺度上享受度的新兴模式。
