Department of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 311-86145, Shahreza, Isfahan, Iran.
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Dec;27(35):44292-44305. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10278-1. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
A BiVO-WO nano-composite (NC) was hydrothermally prepared and characterized by different techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyzer, X-ray mapping, UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The average crystallite size of 8.5 nm was estimated for the composite by the Williamson-Hall equation. The band gap energies of 2.46, 3.02, and 2.95 eV were obtained for the direct electronic transitions of BiVO, WO, and the composite, respectively. The point of zero charges (pHpzc) of the composite was also estimated at 5. The composite was then used in the photodegradation of sulfasalazine (SSZ). When the moles of WO was four times greater than BiVO, the best photocatalytic activity and the lowest PL intensity were obtained. The simultaneous effects of the experimental variables on the boosted photocatalytic activity of the composite (to the single semiconductors) were studied by the response surface methodology (RSM). A significant quadratic model was confirmed for processing the data based on the F value of a model F value of 63.55 > F = 2.55. This was also confirmed by LOF F value of 2.56 < F = 8.79. Besides, the multiple correlation coefficients R (R = 0.9856), adjusted R (adj-R = 0.9701), and predicted R (pred-R = 0.9098) confirm the goodness of the model. The optimal run included C 9 mg/L, pH 4, 40 min irradiation time, and 0.8 g/L of the composite under the visible light irradiation.
一种 BiVO-WO 纳米复合材料（NC）通过不同的技术进行了水热制备和表征，包括 X 射线衍射（XRD）、配备能量色散 X 射线（EDX）分析仪的扫描电子显微镜、X 射线映射、紫外可见反射光谱（DRS）和光致发光光谱（PL）。通过 Williamson-Hall 方程，复合材料的平均晶粒尺寸估计为 8.5nm。BiVO、WO 和复合材料的直接电子跃迁的能带隙能量分别为 2.46、3.02 和 2.95eV。复合材料的零电荷点（pHpzc）也估计为 5。然后，该复合材料用于磺胺嘧啶（SSZ）的光降解。当 WO 的摩尔数是 BiVO 的四倍时，获得了最佳的光催化活性和最低的 PL 强度。通过响应面法（RSM）研究了实验变量对复合体制备（到单半导体）光催化活性增强的协同影响。基于模型 F 值为 63.55 > F = 2.55，确认了一个显著的二次模型用于处理数据。LOF 值为 2.56 < F = 8.79 也证实了这一点。此外，多元相关系数 R（R = 0.9856）、调整 R（adj-R = 0.9701）和预测 R（pred-R = 0.9098）证实了模型的良好性。最佳运行条件包括 C 9mg/L、pH 4、40min 照射时间和可见光照射下 0.8g/L 的复合材料。
