酒精使用障碍患者住院治疗期间，酒精戒断与性别相关。
Sex-specific Associations of Alcohol Withdrawal in Patients Admitted for the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder.
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol - IGTP, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (AS, PZ, DF, RM); Alcohol Unit, Hospital Universitari Son Espases - IdISPa, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (AS); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre - Instituto i+12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain (GR); Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain (AG); Department of Neuropsychiatry and Addictions, Hospital del Mar - IMIM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain (MT); Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge- IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain (FB); IBIMA Biomedical Research Institut - Málaga, Spain (FRdF).
出版信息
J Addict Med. 2021;15(1):68-73. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000704.
OBJECTIVES
There are sex differences in the pattern of alcohol consumption and in the complications of alcohol use disorder (AUD). We aimed to identify sex-specific differences in the factors associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) among patients that requested a first treatment for AUD.
METHODS
We enrolled 313 patients (75% men) with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) AUD diagnosis that started treatment between 2014 and 2016. We collected socio-demographics, the type and amount of alcohol and other substances consumed, and clinical and laboratory parameters. According to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) AUD criteria, AWS occurred when patients experienced 2 or more clinical signs/symptoms and/or consumed alcohol to relieve symptoms. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with AWS according to sex.
RESULTS
The median age of participants was 50 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 43-54 years). The median age of starting alcohol consumption was 16 years (IQR: 14-18 years). Notably, 69% of participants smoked tobacco, and 61% had a family history of AUD; 18% currently used cannabis, and 7.7% used cocaine. Overall, 73% of patients exhibited AWS criteria, and men (76.5%) were more likely than women (64.6%) to report AWS (P = 0.038). In the adjusted analysis, factors associated with AWS were the age at starting alcohol consumption (odds ratio [OR] for every 5 years = 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69-2.08), and cannabis use (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.04-7.7) in men, and a family history of AUD in women (OR = 2.85 95% CI: 1.07-7.54).
CONCLUSIONS
factors associated with AWS differ by sex which may have clinical implications for proactive management of AWS during treatment for AUD.
目的
在饮酒模式和酒精使用障碍（AUD）并发症方面存在性别差异。我们旨在确定在因 AUD 首次接受治疗的患者中，与酒精戒断综合征（AWS）相关的因素是否存在性别特异性差异。
方法
我们纳入了 313 名（75%为男性）患有《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第五版）》AUD 诊断的患者，他们于 2014 年至 2016 年期间开始接受治疗。我们收集了社会人口统计学资料、所消耗的酒精和其他物质的类型和数量，以及临床和实验室参数。根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第五版）》AUD 标准，当患者出现 2 种或更多临床体征/症状和/或饮酒以缓解症状时，即发生 AWS。我们使用逻辑回归模型根据性别确定与 AWS 相关的因素。
结果
参与者的中位年龄为 50 岁（四分位距 [IQR]：43-54 岁）。饮酒起始年龄的中位数为 16 岁（IQR：14-18 岁）。值得注意的是，69%的参与者吸烟，61%有 AUD 家族史；18%目前使用大麻，7.7%使用可卡因。总体而言，73%的患者表现出 AWS 标准，男性（76.5%）比女性（64.6%）更有可能报告 AWS（P=0.038）。在调整分析中，与 AWS 相关的因素是饮酒起始年龄（每 5 岁的优势比 [OR]为 1.89，95%置信区间 [CI]：1.69-2.08）和男性中使用大麻（OR=2.8，95%CI：1.04-7.7），以及女性中 AUD 家族史（OR=2.85 95%CI：1.07-7.54）。
结论
与 AWS 相关的因素因性别而异，这可能对 AUD 治疗期间 AWS 的主动管理具有临床意义。
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