Sint Maartenskliniek Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Disabil Rehabil. 2022 Apr;44(8):1489-1497. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1802523. Epub 2020 Aug 10.
Walking adaptability is essential for children to participate in daily life, but no objective measurement tools exist. We determined psychometric properties of the Walking Adaptability Ladder test for Kids (WAL-K) in 6-12 year old children.
In total, 122 typically developing (TD) children and 26 children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) completed the single and double run conditions of the WAL-K. Intra-rater, inter-rater and test-retest reliability were determined by ICCs and Smallest Detectable Change (SDC) in 53 TD children. Construct validity was determined by comparing WAL-K scores between 69 TD and all DCD children and correlating these scores with age and MABC-2 scores.
ICCs for reliability varied between 0.76 and 0.99. Compared to the first test performance, WAL-K scores were lower (i.e., better) at retest. SDCs for test-retest reliability varied between 20.8 and 26.1% of the mean scores. WAL-K scores were significantly higher (i.e., worse) in DCD children compared to TD children ( < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were found with MABC-2 (-0.52 and -0.60) and age (-0.61 and -0.68).
The WAL-K shows to be a valid, reliable and easy-to-use tool for measuring walking adaptability in children. Adding an extra practice trial may reduce the observed learning effect.Implications for rehabilitationWalking adaptability is an essential skill for children to participate in daily life, but no objective measurement tools are available.The Walking Adaptability Ladder test for Kids (WAL-K) is a new measurement tool for evaluating walking adaptability in children.The WAL-K shows to be a reliable and valid measurement tool for evaluating walking adaptability in 6-12 year old children.
行走适应性对于儿童参与日常生活至关重要，但目前尚无客观的测量工具。本研究旨在确定适用于 6-12 岁儿童的行走适应性阶梯测试（WAL-K）的心理测量学特性。
共有 122 名典型发育儿童（TD）和 26 名发育性协调障碍（DCD）儿童完成了 WAL-K 的单次和双次奔跑测试。在 53 名 TD 儿童中，采用 ICC 和最小可检测变化值（SDC）来评估内部和外部测试者信度和重测信度。通过比较 69 名 TD 儿童和所有 DCD 儿童的 WAL-K 评分，以及这些评分与年龄和 MABC-2 评分的相关性，来确定构念效度。
可靠性的 ICC 值在 0.76 到 0.99 之间。与首次测试表现相比，WAL-K 评分在重测时更低（即更好）。测试重测信度的 SDC 值在平均分数的 20.8%至 26.1%之间。与 TD 儿童相比，DCD 儿童的 WAL-K 评分明显更高（<0.001）。与 MABC-2（-0.52 和-0.60）和年龄（-0.61 和-0.68）呈显著负相关。
WAL-K 是一种用于测量儿童行走适应性的有效、可靠且易于使用的工具。增加额外的练习测试可能会减少观察到的学习效应。
行走适应性是儿童参与日常生活的基本技能，但目前尚无客观的测量工具。行走适应性阶梯测试（WAL-K）是一种新的儿童行走适应性评估测量工具。WAL-K 是一种可靠且有效的测量工具，可用于评估 6-12 岁儿童的行走适应性。
