Shu-Fu Hsu, BS, is Occupational Therapist, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Joseph's Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan.
Hung-Yu Lin, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Am J Occup Ther. 2024 Jan 1;78(1). doi: 10.5014/ajot.2024.050206.
Establishing empirical evidence on the psychometric properties of the Test of Visual-Motor Skills (3rd ed.; TVMS-3) is helpful for guiding its use as an assessment of visual-motor integration (VMI) skills in kindergarten children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).
To investigate the test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity, and ecological validity of the TVMS-3 in Taiwanese kindergarten children with DCD.
A nonexperimental, descriptive, correlational design.
A hospital in Central Taiwan.
Fifty-seven kindergarten children with DCD were recruited in the study.
Intraclass correlation coefficient, percentage of minimal detectable change, and paired t test (Wilcoxon signed rank test) were used to investigate the test-retest reliability of the TVMS-3. The correlations (Pearson's r) between the TVMS-3 accuracy score and the scores of each of the four domains and the adaptive behavior composite score of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (3rd ed.; Vineland-3) were calculated, respectively, to examine criterion-related validity and ecological validity.
The accuracy score of the TVMS-3 had excellent test-retest reliability and acceptable random measurement error. Moreover, it showed good criterion-related validity and sufficient ecological validity with the Vineland-3 in Taiwanese kindergarten children with DCD.
The accuracy score of the TVMS-3 is applicable to Taiwanese kindergarten children with DCD in clinical and research settings. Plain-Language Summary: The accuracy score of the Test of Visual-Motor Skills (3rd ed.; TVMS-3) is a useful assessment tool to detect deficits in visual-motor integration for Taiwanese kindergarten children with developmental coordination disorder. The TVMS-3 has excellent test-retest reliability, good criterion-related validity, and sufficient ecological validity.
确立《视觉运动技能测试》（第 3 版；TVMS-3）的心理测量学特性的实证证据有助于指导其在发育性协调障碍（DCD）的幼儿园儿童中作为视觉运动整合（VMI）技能的评估工具的使用。
研究 TVMS-3 在台湾地区有 DCD 的幼儿园儿童中的重测信度、效标关联效度和生态效度。
非实验性、描述性、相关性设计。
台湾中部的一家医院。
57 名患有 DCD 的幼儿园儿童参与了研究。
使用组内相关系数、最小可检测变化百分比和配对 t 检验（Wilcoxon 符号秩检验）来研究 TVMS-3 的重测信度。分别计算 TVMS-3 准确性得分与四个领域的每个领域得分以及《Vineland 适应行为量表》（第 3 版；Vineland-3）的适应行为综合得分之间的相关性（Pearson r），以分别检验效标关联效度和生态效度。
TVMS-3 的准确性得分具有极好的重测信度和可接受的随机测量误差。此外，它在台湾地区有 DCD 的幼儿园儿童中具有良好的效标关联效度和充分的生态效度。
TVMS-3 的准确性得分适用于台湾地区有 DCD 的幼儿园儿童，可用于临床和研究环境。
