Texas A&M University College of Nursing, Bryan, USA.
The University of Texas at Austin, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Mar;37(5-6):NP3269-NP3292. doi: 10.1177/0886260520948518. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
Law enforcement reporting following sexual assault is lower than for other violent crimes. Sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) provide care for patients in the acute period following sexual assault and are well-positioned to identify and address barriers to reporting. We examined data from medical forensic examination records documented by SANEs for a 5-year period (2011-2015). We examined 347 records of women 18 and older to identify factors associated with law enforcement reporting at the time of the exam using binomial logistic regression to construct odds ratios (OR). A total of 56.5% of patients in the sample reported to law enforcement. Patients who did not voluntarily consume alcohol were more likely to report than those who did (OR = 4.45; = .001). Patients who were not students were more likely to report than students (OR = 3.24; = .002). Patients who had a medical forensic exam within 32 hr of the assault were more likely to report than those having exams after 32 hr (OR = 2.68; = .007). Patients who had anogenital and/or bodily injuries were more likely to report than those who had no injuries (OR = 2.50; = .008). Patients who were penetrated (vaginally, orally, and/or anally) were more likely to report than those who were not penetrated (OR = 2.50; = .056). Knowing the assailant, having multiple assailants, and patient and assailant race/ethnicity were not associated with different likelihood of reporting to law enforcement. SANEs and others who work with victims of sexual assault can use data to understand and address barriers to reporting.
执法部门对性侵犯案件的报告率低于其他暴力犯罪。性侵犯护士检查师（SANEs）为性侵犯后急性发作期的患者提供护理，他们能够很好地识别和解决报告障碍。我们对性侵犯护士检查师在 5 年内（2011-2015 年）记录的医疗法医检查记录中的数据进行了研究。我们对 347 名 18 岁及以上女性的记录进行了检查，以确定在检查时与执法报告相关的因素，使用二项逻辑回归构建优势比（OR）。在样本中，共有 56.5%的患者向执法部门报案。与自愿饮酒的患者相比，不自愿饮酒的患者更有可能报案（OR=4.45；p=.001）。与学生相比，非学生更有可能报案（OR=3.24；p=.002）。与在性侵犯后 32 小时内接受法医检查的患者相比，在 32 小时内接受检查的患者更有可能报案（OR=2.68；p=.007）。与没有受伤的患者相比，有肛门生殖器和/或身体受伤的患者更有可能报案（OR=2.50；p=.008）。与未被穿透的患者相比，被穿透（阴道、口腔和/或肛门）的患者更有可能报案（OR=2.50；p=.056）。认识袭击者、有多个袭击者、患者和袭击者的种族/民族与向执法部门报案的可能性不同无关。性侵犯护士检查师和其他与性侵犯受害者合作的人可以使用这些数据来了解和解决报告障碍。
