Shirato Rikiya, Imaizumi Riho, Oi Shiori, Mishina Shiho
Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, Eniwa, Japan.
Department of Rehabilitation, Obihiro Kosei Hospital, Obihiro, Japan.
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2022 Jul;17(5):580-586. doi: 10.1080/17483107.2020.1801864. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
A spinner knob attached to the steering wheel enables one-handed driving. However, changes in steering performance and muscle activity of the upper extremity based on the differences in the position of the knob are unknown.
To quantify changes in steering performance and their muscle activity according to the position of the knob.
Twenty right-handed healthy men with a mean age of 30.9 years participated in the study. Steering operation (reaction time, accuracy, right-left balance and adaptability) as assessed by steering with both hands and left one-handed driving with the spinner knob at three positions (8, 10, and 12 o'clock) were evaluated using a driving simulator. Muscle activities of the left anterior deltoid, biceps brachii and long head of the triceps brachii during the simulated tasks were also recorded using a wireless surface electromyography.
Muscle activity while steering with the knob at 8 o'clock was significantly lower than with the knob at 10 or 12 o'clock, and was equivalent to the steering performance and muscle activity when driving with both hands. On the other hand, muscle activity while driving with the knob at 10 o'clock was significantly higher than with the knob in the other positions.
The present study provides basic data for determining the position of the spinner knob attached to the steering wheel when driving one-handed with the non-dominant left hand. Positioning of the knob at 8 o'clock can be recommended on the basis of steering performance and lower muscle activities.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe safe driving of an automobile requires the driver to have an adequate range of motion and advanced voluntary motor control of the upper and lower extremities.When steering with the bilateral hands becomes difficult and driving with one-hand is required, it is necessary to attach a spinner knob on the steering wheel.This study provides objective and valuable information for clinicians and therapists to determine the optimum position of the spinner knob.
安装在方向盘上的旋转按钮可实现单手驾驶。然而，基于按钮位置差异的转向性能和上肢肌肉活动的变化尚不清楚。
根据按钮位置量化转向性能及其肌肉活动的变化。
20名平均年龄为30.9岁的右利手健康男性参与了该研究。使用驾驶模拟器评估双手转向以及使用旋转按钮在三个位置（8点、10点和12点）进行左手单手驾驶时的转向操作（反应时间、准确性、左右平衡和适应性）。在模拟任务期间，还使用无线表面肌电图记录左前三角肌、肱二头肌和肱三头肌长头的肌肉活动。
在8点位置使用按钮转向时的肌肉活动明显低于在10点或12点位置使用按钮时的肌肉活动，并且与双手驾驶时的转向性能和肌肉活动相当。另一方面，在10点位置使用按钮驾驶时的肌肉活动明显高于在其他位置使用按钮时的肌肉活动。
本研究为确定用非优势左手单手驾驶时安装在方向盘上的旋转按钮的位置提供了基础数据。基于转向性能和较低的肌肉活动，可以推荐将按钮定位在8点位置。
对康复的启示
汽车的安全驾驶要求驾驶员具有足够的运动范围以及上肢和下肢先进的自主运动控制能力。
当双手转向变得困难且需要单手驾驶时，有必要在方向盘上安装一个旋转按钮。
本研究为临床医生和治疗师确定旋转按钮的最佳位置提供了客观且有价值的信息。
