Optimal Tilt Angle Determination for PV Panels Using Real Time Data Acquisition.

Solar energy is one of the promising renewable energy sources which has the potential to meet the future energy demand around the world. To maximize the irradiance fall, solar panels are generally equipped with a motor tracking system and are placed at a specific tilt angle. However, tracking methods are not cost-effective and a fixed tilt angle is not productive. This study proposes a method for harnessing maximum output from photovoltaic (PV) panels throughout the year by determining the optimal tilt angle. The investigation is performed on real-time solar PV panels of 5 kWp rated capacity installed at 10°, 20°, 25°, 30°, and 40° angle on the rooftop of engineering institute situated at Chandigarh, India. The real-time power generation response for a year is used to find the optimal tilt angle. The results obtained from the practical setup are validated by comparing it with the simulation results of the regression analysis. In addition, the impact of the optimal angle on total power generation and carbon emissions is analyzed. The results reveal that the proposed approach is quite effective to increase the power generation of PV panels up to 7-8% and can be practically implemented in any location throughout the world.