Centre for Medicines Information and Pharmaceutical Care (CMIPC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Health Soc Care Community. 2021 Mar;29(2):554-563. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13118. Epub 2020 Aug 12.
In 2015, the Indonesian Government initiated 'Smart Use of Medications Movement' ('GeMa CerMat') which included cadre training to promote responsible self-medication. Evaluation of a pilot training conducted across Indonesia suggested the need to improve those training modules. This study aimed to assess cadre' knowledge gained following training with newly developed general or specific training modules. Five types of modules were developed and used to train cadres at five Community Health Centres (CHCs) in Surabaya, Indonesia: 1) Sidosermo CHC (general-drugs module), 2) Tenggilis CHC (common cold drugs module), 3) Gunung Anyar CHC (analgesic drugs module), 4) Kalirungkut CHC (anti-diarrhoeal drugs module), and 5) Jagir CHC (indigestion drugs module). Cadres' knowledge improvements were evaluated using pre-/post-test scores and the difference scores depending on the module being tested. Multifactorial ANOVA explored the effects of the type of module on difference scores. A total of 279 cadres across five CHCs were involved in the training, giving response rates from 65% to 93%. There was an increase in the post-test scores after the training with all modules. However, significant differences were reported only for the specific-drugs module groups (all p < .001). Furthermore, the general module group had the lowest difference score (1.12; 95% CI [-0.45, 2.92]) while the common cold module group had the highest gain (5.02; 95% CI [1.95, 5.17]). Multifactorial ANOVA revealed that there was a significant main effect of the type of modules on difference scores [F (4, 263) = 8.37, p <.001]. In conclusion, this preliminary study indicated that the development of modules for specific minor illnesses could be beneficial in facilitating effective community-based training to promote responsible self-medication in Indonesia. The priority for therapeutic areas chosen for the module should be based on the local needs. Further research is required to confirm the findings in broader community members.
2015 年，印度尼西亚政府发起了“明智用药运动”（“GeMa CerMat”），其中包括培训干部以促进负责任的自我用药。对印度尼西亚各地进行的一项试点培训评估表明，有必要改进这些培训模块。本研究旨在评估使用新开发的一般或特定培训模块培训干部后的干部知识获得情况。开发了五种类型的模块，并在印度尼西亚泗水的五个社区卫生中心（CHC）使用这些模块培训干部：1）Sidosermo CHC（一般药物模块），2）Tenggilis CHC（普通感冒药物模块），3）Gunung Anyar CHC（镇痛药模块），4）Kalirungkut CHC（抗腹泻药物模块），和 5）Jagir CHC（消化不良药物模块）。使用预/后测试分数以及根据测试模块的差异分数评估干部知识的提高。多因素方差分析探讨了模块类型对差异分数的影响。共有来自五个 CHC 的 279 名干部参加了培训，回应率为 65%至 93%。所有模块培训后，后测分数均有所提高。但是，仅在特定药物模块组报告了显著差异（均<.001）。此外，一般模块组的差异得分最低（1.12；95%CI [-0.45, 2.92]），而普通感冒模块组的得分最高（5.02；95%CI [1.95, 5.17]）。多因素方差分析显示，模块类型对差异分数有显著的主效应[F（4, 263）=8.37，p<.001]。综上所述，本初步研究表明，针对特定小病开发模块有助于促进印度尼西亚有效的基于社区的培训，以促进负责任的自我用药。选择模块的治疗领域的优先顺序应基于当地需求。需要进一步的研究来确认更广泛的社区成员中的发现。
