Product Safety, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta International AG, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom.
Food Microbial Sciences Unit, School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom.
J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Sep 16;68(37):10167-10173. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02648. Epub 2020 Sep 8.
For pesticide registration a post application assessment is made on the safety of any residue remaining in the edible portion of the treated crop. This assessment does not typically consider the bioaccessibility of pesticide residues. The effects of this on potential exposure to incurred difenoconazole residues passing through the human gastrointestinal tract were studied, including the impact of commodity processing. It has previously been demonstrated that solvent extraction methods have the potential to overestimate the bioaccessible fraction, so in vitro simulated gut systems may offer a better approach to determine residue bioaccessibility to refine the risk assessment process. The bioaccessibility of difenoconazole residues associated with processed rice samples was assessed using in vitro intestinal extraction and colonic fermentation methods. The mean bioaccessibility following intestinal digestion was 33.3% with a range from 13% to 70.6%. Quantification of the colonic bioaccessible fraction was not possible due to compound metabolism. Mechanical processing methods generally increased the residue bioaccessibility, while chemical methods resulted in a decrease. Both mechanical and chemical processing methods reduced the total difenoconazole residue level by ca. 50%.
对于农药登记,在申请后会对处理作物可食用部分中任何残留农药的安全性进行评估。该评估通常不考虑农药残留的生物可利用性。本研究考察了这对经人体胃肠道传递的受污联苯菊酯残留潜在暴露的影响,包括商品加工的影响。此前已经证明,溶剂萃取方法可能会高估生物可利用部分,因此体外模拟肠道系统可能是一种更好的方法来确定残留的生物可利用性,从而完善风险评估过程。采用体外肠内提取和结肠发酵方法评估了与加工大米样品相关的联苯菊酯残留的生物可利用性。肠内消化后的平均生物可利用度为 33.3%,范围为 13%至 70.6%。由于化合物代谢,无法定量测定结肠生物可利用部分。机械加工方法通常会增加残留的生物可利用性,而化学方法则会降低。机械和化学加工方法均使联苯菊酯总残留水平降低了约 50%。