School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 May 15;15(5):993. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15050993.
Estimating the influence of bioaccessibility of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables on dietary exposure is a challenge for human health risk assessment. This study investigated the bioaccessibility of pesticide residues in cherry tomatoes and contributing factors (digestion time, pH, solid/liquid ratio, and dietary nutrition) using an in vitro test simulating the human gastrointestinal tract. pH had the largest effect on triazolone precipitation in the simulated gastric intestinal juice, which had a significant impact on the bioaccessibility. The bioaccessibility of triazolone in the intestinal stage was slightly higher than that in the stomach stage, owing to bile salts and pancreatic enzymes present in the intestinal juice. The bioaccessibility of triazolone did not change significantly with digestion time. In the gastric stage, there was a logarithmic relationship between the bioaccessibility and solid/liquid ratio (R² = 0.9941). The addition of oil significantly changed the bioaccessibility in the gastrointestinal stage. Protein and dietary fiber only affected bioaccessibility in the stomach stage. Dietary nutrition can reduce the release of pesticides from fruits and vegetables into the stomach, sharply reducing the bioaccessibility, and the dietary exposure of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables can be properly evaluated.
评估果蔬中农药残留的生物可利用性对人体健康风险评估是一个挑战。本研究采用模拟人体胃肠道的体外试验，研究了樱桃番茄中农药残留的生物可利用性及其影响因素（消化时间、pH 值、固液比和膳食营养）。pH 值对模拟胃肠液中三唑酮沉淀的影响最大，这对生物可利用性有显著影响。由于肠液中存在胆盐和胰酶，三唑酮在肠阶段的生物可利用性略高于胃阶段。三唑酮的生物可利用性随消化时间的变化不明显。在胃阶段，生物可利用性与固液比之间存在对数关系（R² = 0.9941）。油的添加显著改变了胃肠道阶段的生物可利用性。蛋白质和膳食纤维仅影响胃阶段的生物可利用性。膳食营养可以减少果蔬中农药从果蔬中释放到胃中，从而显著降低生物可利用性，可以对果蔬中农药残留的膳食暴露进行适当评估。
