Lyu Yang, Su Chunxia, Verbrugghe Adronie, Van de Wiele Tom, Martos Martinez-Caja Ana, Hesta Myriam
Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Jul 24;11:1661. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01661. eCollection 2020.
The relationship between microbial community and host has profound effects on the health of animals. A balanced gastrointestinal (GI) microbial population provides nutritional and metabolic benefits to its host, regulates the immune system and various signaling molecules, protects the intestine from pathogen invasion, and promotes a healthy intestinal structure and an optimal intestinal function. With the fast development of next-generation sequencing, molecular techniques have become standard tools for microbiota research, having been used to demonstrate the complex intestinal ecosystem. Similarly to other mammals, the vast majority of GI microbiota in cats (over 99%) is composed of the predominant bacterial phyla , , , and . Many nutritional and clinical studies have shown that cats' microbiota can be affected by several different factors including body condition, age, diet, and inflammatory diseases. All these factors have different size effects, and some of these may be very minor, and it is currently unknown how important these are. Further research is needed to determine the functional variations in the microbiome in disease states and in response to environmental and/or dietary modulations. Additionally, further studies are also needed to explain the intricate relationship between GI microbiota and the genetics and immunity of its host. This review summarizes past and present knowledge of the feline GI microbiota and looks into the future possibilities and challenges of the field.
微生物群落与宿主之间的关系对动物健康有着深远影响。平衡的胃肠道微生物种群为宿主提供营养和代谢益处，调节免疫系统及各种信号分子，保护肠道免受病原体侵袭，并促进健康的肠道结构和最佳的肠道功能。随着下一代测序技术的快速发展，分子技术已成为微生物群研究的标准工具，用于揭示复杂的肠道生态系统。与其他哺乳动物类似，猫胃肠道中绝大多数微生物群（超过99%）由主要细菌门、、、和组成。许多营养和临床研究表明，猫的微生物群会受到多种不同因素的影响，包括身体状况、年龄、饮食和炎症性疾病。所有这些因素的影响程度不同，其中一些可能非常微小，目前尚不清楚它们的重要性如何。需要进一步研究以确定疾病状态下以及对环境和/或饮食调节作出反应时微生物组的功能变化。此外，还需要进一步研究来解释胃肠道微生物群与其宿主的遗传学和免疫之间的复杂关系。本综述总结了猫胃肠道微生物群的过去和当前知识，并展望了该领域未来的可能性和挑战。
