Nettles-Carlson B, Field M L, Friedman B J, Smith L S
University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, School of Nursing 27514.
Res Nurs Health. 1988 Feb;11(1):41-50. doi: 10.1002/nur.4770110107.
In a randomized clinical trial a comparison was made of two BSE teaching interventions delivered by primary providers during office visits in a group nursing faculty practice. Patients who reported no regular BSE (n = 121) received either individualized teaching focused on reducing perceived barriers and reinforcing benefits of BSE, or routine teaching limited to usual instruction in BSE technique. Patients reporting frequent/monthly BSE during the past year were comparison subjects (n = 81). Self-reported data on BSE behavior were obtained in questionnaires administered before the interventions and via telephone interviews three months after the visit. Analysis using chi square showed that, contrary to expectation, individualized and routine teaching were equally effective: 61.4% of the individually taught and 63.5% of the routinely taught reported frequent or monthly practice at followup. Both groups were significantly more confident in technique and ability to detect change in the breast. The previously non-practicing women remained significantly less likely than comparison subjects to be performing BSE monthly at followup. The perceived benefit of BSE giving peace of mind predicted non-practicers most likely to change.
在一项随机临床试验中，比较了在集体护理教员诊所进行门诊时，由初级医疗服务提供者提供的两种乳房自我检查（BSE）教学干预措施。报告无定期进行BSE的患者（n = 121）接受了两种干预之一：一种是侧重于减少感知障碍并强化BSE益处的个性化教学，另一种是仅限于BSE技术常规指导的常规教学。在过去一年中报告频繁/每月进行BSE的患者作为对照对象（n = 81）。在干预前通过问卷调查以及在门诊后三个月通过电话访谈获取关于BSE行为的自我报告数据。使用卡方分析表明，与预期相反，个性化教学和常规教学同样有效：在随访中，接受个性化教学的患者中有61.4%报告频繁或每月进行BSE，接受常规教学的患者中有63.5%报告如此。两组在乳房检查技术和发现乳房变化的能力方面都明显更有信心。在随访时，以前未进行BSE的女性每月进行BSE的可能性仍显著低于对照对象。BSE能让人安心这一感知到的益处预示着最有可能改变行为的是那些以前未进行BSE的女性。
