Biology Department, PO Box 3003, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA, 17604.
Biology Department, PO Box 3003, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA, 17604; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1945 Colorado Avenue, Denver, CO, 80309, USA.
Mar Environ Res. 2020 Oct;161:105088. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105088. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
Organisms living in temperate and polar regions experience extensive seasonal changes in the physical and biotic environment, including temperature, insolation, and food availability, among other factors. Sessile intertidal organisms respond to such seasonal fluctuations largely through physiological and biochemical means, because their behavioral responses are severely limited. In this study, we used a proteomic approach to examine changes in seasonal protein expression of gill from the intertidal mussel Geukensia demissa, a keystone species of the western Atlantic salt marsh, over the course of one year. Gill tissue of mussels collected in summer had the greatest number of proteins significantly increased in abundance (37 of 592 spots detected on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels), although autumn mussels revealed a comparable proportion of up-regulated proteins (31 spots). In contrast, the number of proteins changing in abundance in winter and spring mussels were substantially smaller (15 and 9, respectively). Identification of these proteins revealed both expected and unanticipated changes to the proteome. Maintenance of gill cilia dominates in the summer when filter-feeding is most active, as evidenced by cytoskeletal proteins such as tektin-4 and tubulin isoforms; a signal of protection from heat stress is also present in summer (e.g., heat shock cognate 70). In autumn oxidative stress protection (peroxiredoxin-5 and manganese-containing superoxide dismutase) and aerobic ATP synthetic capacity (ATP synthase subunits a and delta) appear to increase. In winter a signal of cold-induced oxidative stress is apparent (Mn-SOD and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase), perhaps in association with heavy metal toxicity and exposure to pathogens. Gill tissue from spring shows relatively little environmental acclimatization, other than a possible increase in protein synthesis capacity.
生活在温带和极地地区的生物经历着广泛的季节性物理和生物环境变化，包括温度、光照和食物供应等因素。固着性潮间带生物主要通过生理和生化手段来应对这种季节性波动，因为它们的行为反应受到严重限制。在这项研究中，我们使用蛋白质组学方法来研究大西洋西部盐沼关键种贻贝（Geukensia demissa）鳃组织中季节性蛋白质表达的变化，研究过程跨越了一年。在夏季采集的贻贝的鳃组织中，大量显著增加的蛋白质数量最多（二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上检测到的 592 个斑点中有 37 个），尽管秋季贻贝显示出可比比例的上调蛋白（31 个斑点）。相比之下，冬季和春季贻贝中数量变化的蛋白质数量要小得多（分别为 15 个和 9 个）。这些蛋白质的鉴定揭示了蛋白质组的预期和意外变化。在过滤摄食最活跃的夏季，鳃组织中的纤毛维持占据主导地位，这可以通过细胞骨架蛋白（如 tektin-4 和微管蛋白同工型）来证明；夏季还存在热应激保护的信号（例如，热休克同源物 70）。在秋季，氧化应激保护（过氧化物酶 5 和含锰超氧化物歧化酶）和有氧 ATP 合成能力（ATP 合酶亚基 a 和 delta）似乎增加。在冬季，冷诱导氧化应激的信号很明显（Mn-SOD 和 NADP 依赖性异柠檬酸脱氢酶），可能与重金属毒性和病原体暴露有关。春季的鳃组织除了可能增加蛋白质合成能力外，对环境的适应相对较少。
