Departament of Chemistry and Environmental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Resende, Brazil.
Department of Mechanical and Energy, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Resende, Brazil.
Waste Manag. 2020 Oct;116:131-139. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.07.032. Epub 2020 Aug 12.
Waste tire rubber is produced on a large scale in the automotive industry and is considered difficult to recycle because they have iron, nylon, polyester, and chemical structure formed by cross-links. In this way, the waste is almost always deposited in inappropriate places or incorrectly burned, causing a series of environmental problems. The objective of this work was to analyze the viability of the use of waste tire rubber (5, 10, and 20% m/m) reinforced in polyurethane foam (PU) derived from castor oil to obtain composites, as an alternative for raw materials petrochemical industrial. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), apparent density, contact angle, water absorption, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), spectroscopy infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TGA) techniques, and mechanical tests. The results showed that the residue of the rubber powder reinforced with polyurethane caused an increase in the density of the composites when compared to pure PU, which directly influenced the morphological, physical, thermal, and mechanical properties. This fact occurred because with the insertion of rubber powder in the PU there was a decrease in cell size and increase of pore volume. The TG and DTG analyzes showed that the insertion of the rubber powder improved the thermal stability of the composite when compared to pure PU, as well as impact tests and contact angle.
废轮胎橡胶在汽车行业大规模生产，由于其含有铁、尼龙、聚酯和交联形成的化学结构，因此被认为难以回收。这样，废物几乎总是被储存在不合适的地方或被错误地焚烧，造成一系列的环境问题。本工作的目的是分析利用废轮胎橡胶（5、10 和 20%m/m）增强由蓖麻油衍生的聚氨酯泡沫（PU）来获得复合材料的可行性，作为石化工业原材料的替代品。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、光学显微镜（OM）、表观密度、接触角、吸水率、X 射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）和力学性能测试对材料进行了表征。结果表明，与纯 PU 相比，添加聚氨酯的橡胶粉末增强后的残余物使复合材料的密度增加，这直接影响了复合材料的形态、物理、热和机械性能。这是因为在 PU 中加入橡胶粉末会导致细胞尺寸减小和孔体积增加。TG 和 DTG 分析表明，与纯 PU 相比，加入橡胶粉末提高了复合材料的热稳定性，以及冲击试验和接触角。
