Gan Yi, Tan Fang, Yi Ruokun, Zhou Xianrong, Li Chong, Zhao Xin
Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2020 Aug 4;13:743-751. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S265059. eCollection 2020.
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are common pathogens that can infect both animals and humans, thereby posing a threat to global public health. CoV infection mostly occurs during winter and spring in temperate countries; the virus has high transmission efficiency and may have severe infection outcomes. The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak exhibited transboundary transmission due to international transportation, trade, and economic exchange. Animal hosts provide a persistent source for CoVs and their recombination. Domestic camels have been shown to be one of the hosts of CoVs, while livestock, poultry and other warm-blooded animals may act as intermediate hosts for CoVs. This paper outlines the biological and epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis of CoVs and describes the origin, transmission route, animal-source food risk, and control measures for CoVs. Such knowledge can be used to prevent CoVs from harming consumers through animal-sourced foods and can help to prevent new zoonoses from occurring. This work will provide a reference for strengthening the controls on the production process in meat production companies, thereby improving food safety.
冠状病毒（CoVs）是常见病原体，可感染动物和人类，从而对全球公共卫生构成威胁。在温带国家，冠状病毒感染大多发生在冬春季节；该病毒传播效率高，感染后果可能很严重。近期，由于国际运输、贸易和经济交流，新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）疫情呈现出跨境传播态势。动物宿主是冠状病毒及其重组的持续来源。已证明家养骆驼是冠状病毒的宿主之一，而家畜、家禽和其他温血动物可能是冠状病毒的中间宿主。本文概述了冠状病毒的生物学和流行病学特征及诊断方法，并描述了冠状病毒的起源、传播途径、动物源性食品风险及防控措施。这些知识可用于预防冠状病毒通过动物源性食品危害消费者，并有助于预防新的人畜共患病发生。这项工作将为加强肉类生产企业生产过程控制提供参考，从而提高食品安全水平。
