Department of Anesthesiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
J Anesth. 2020 Dec;34(6):944-949. doi: 10.1007/s00540-020-02840-5. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
Anesthesiologists and intensivists are modern-day professionals who provide appropriate respiratory care, vital for patient survival. Recently, anesthesiologists have increasingly focused their attention on the type of spontaneous breathing made by non-intubated patients with pulmonary disease cared for in an intensive care unit, and also patients with chronic pain receiving cognitive behavioral therapy. Prior to our modern understanding of respiratory physiology, Zen meditators recognized that breathing has a significant impact on a person's mental state and general physical well-being. Examples of this knowledge regarding respiration include the beneficial effects of deep inhalation and slow exhalation on anxiety and general wellness. The classical literature has noted many suggestions for breathing and its psycho-physical effects. In the present review, we examine the effect of classical breathing methods and find an analogy between typical Yoga/Zen breathing and modern clinical respiratory therapy. Evidence is increasing about historical breathing and related meditation techniques that may be effective in modern clinical practice, especially in the field of anesthesiology, such as in improving respiratory function and reducing chronic pain. Clarification of the detailed mechanisms involved is anticipated.
麻醉师和重症监护医师是现代专业人员，他们提供适当的呼吸护理，这对患者的生存至关重要。最近，麻醉师越来越关注在重症监护病房中接受治疗的患有肺部疾病的非插管患者和接受认知行为疗法的慢性疼痛患者的自主呼吸类型。在我们对呼吸生理学有了现代认识之前，禅修者就已经意识到呼吸对人的精神状态和整体身体健康有重大影响。关于呼吸的这种知识的例子包括深呼吸和缓慢呼气对焦虑和整体健康的有益影响。古典文献中也提到了许多关于呼吸及其身心影响的建议。在本综述中，我们研究了经典呼吸方法的效果，并发现典型的瑜伽/禅修呼吸与现代临床呼吸治疗之间存在相似之处。关于历史呼吸和相关冥想技术的证据越来越多，这些技术在现代临床实践中可能是有效的，特别是在麻醉学领域，例如改善呼吸功能和减轻慢性疼痛。预计将阐明涉及的详细机制。
