Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2020 Nov 24;44(6):857-873. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa036.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that is commonly isolated from damp environments. It is also a major opportunistic pathogen, causing a wide range of problematic infections. The cell envelope of P. aeruginosa, comprising the cytoplasmic membrane, periplasmic space, peptidoglycan layer and outer membrane, is critical to the bacteria's ability to adapt and thrive in a wide range of environments. Over 40 proteases and peptidases are located in the P. aeruginosa cell envelope. These enzymes play many crucial roles. They are required for protein secretion out of the cytoplasm to the periplasm, outer membrane, cell surface or the environment; for protein quality control and removal of misfolded proteins; for controlling gene expression, allowing adaptation to environmental changes; for modification and remodelling of peptidoglycan; and for metabolism of small molecules. The key roles of cell envelope proteases in ensuring normal cell functioning have prompted the development of inhibitors targeting some of these enzymes as potential new anti-Pseudomonas therapies. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge across the breadth of P. aeruginosa cell envelope proteases and peptidases, with an emphasis on recent findings, and highlight likely future directions in their study.
铜绿假单胞菌是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，通常从潮湿的环境中分离出来。它也是一种主要的机会性病原体，引起广泛的问题感染。铜绿假单胞菌的细胞包膜由细胞质膜、周质空间、肽聚糖层和外膜组成，对于细菌在广泛的环境中适应和生存的能力至关重要。超过 40 种蛋白酶和肽酶位于铜绿假单胞菌的细胞包膜中。这些酶发挥着许多关键作用。它们需要将蛋白质从细胞质分泌到周质、外膜、细胞表面或环境中；用于蛋白质质量控制和去除错误折叠的蛋白质；用于控制基因表达，允许适应环境变化；用于肽聚糖的修饰和重塑；以及用于小分子的代谢。细胞包膜蛋白酶在确保正常细胞功能方面的关键作用促使人们开发了针对其中一些酶的抑制剂，作为潜在的新的抗铜绿假单胞菌治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们总结了铜绿假单胞菌细胞包膜蛋白酶和肽酶的广泛知识现状，重点介绍了最近的发现，并强调了它们研究的可能未来方向。
