School of Health Sciences, Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion, IN, USA.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Jan;43(1):27-32. doi: 10.1007/s00276-020-02544-1. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
This unique case gives the extent of knowledge in the axilla area with axillary arch (AA) and a discussion of its clinical importance.
The anatomical anomaly was found during the dissection class for the brachial plexus. It was identified through the precise dissection of the structures bilaterally.
The cadaver had fascial and muscular AA bilaterally. The fascial AA was separated into the superficial and deep arch group. The superficial arch group connected to the clavipectoral fascia and the axillary fascia. The deep arch group attached to the subscapular fascia. The muscular AA had superficial and deep variations. The superficial muscular AA attached between accessory slip of latissimus dorsi muscle (LDa) and pectoralis quartus muscle (PQ). The deep muscular AA attached to the crest of lesser tubercle of the humerus from LDa. The adipose tissue with the level one central lymph node was located lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle expand from pectoral lymph node through between LDa and PQ.
This case showed the fascial and muscular AA together. The muscular AA had both complete and incomplete attachment types. It could give functional and neurological problems in the axilla, such as thoracic outlet syndrome. Additionally, the structures presented with the axillary lymph node. It helps to understand the patient's condition with the AA in the axilla and could provide.
本独特病例展示了腋窝区域的解剖结构，包括腋弓（AA），并讨论了其临床重要性。
在臂丛解剖课上发现了这种解剖异常。通过对双侧结构的精确解剖来识别它。
尸体标本双侧均存在筋膜和肌肉 AA。筋膜 AA 分为浅弓和深弓组。浅弓组与胸小肌筋膜和腋窝筋膜相连。深弓组附着于肩胛下筋膜。肌肉 AA 有浅部和深部的变异。浅部肌肉 AA 附着于背阔肌辅助滑囊（LDa）和胸小四头肌（PQ）之间。深部肌肉 AA 附着于 LDa 从肱骨小结节嵴。含有一级中央淋巴结的脂肪组织位于胸小肌扩张的外侧，胸肌淋巴结通过 LDa 和 PQ 之间。
本病例显示了筋膜和肌肉 AA 的同时存在。肌肉 AA 具有完全和不完全附着两种类型。它可能会在腋窝引起功能和神经问题，如胸廓出口综合征。此外，这些结构与腋窝淋巴结有关。它有助于理解腋窝 AA 患者的情况，并能提供相关信息。
