Maternity Department (Mss Chang and Filoteo) and Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice (Dr Nasr), Stanford Children's Health, Palo Alto, California; and Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California (Dr Nasr).
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2020 Oct/Dec;34(4):338-345. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000495.
This randomized trial compared the analgesic effect of 4 nonpharmacologic interventions (breastfeeding, oral sucrose, nonnutritive sucking, and skin-to-skin contact) on term newborns between 24 and 48 hours of age who underwent a heel lance. The Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale was used to evaluate pain. The newborns (N = 226) were assigned to one of 4 intervention groups (n = 176) or a control group without pain intervention (n = 50). The results indicate that all intervention groups showed decreased pain levels when compared with the control group (P < .01). The oral sucrose group experienced a superior analgesic effect when compared with the skin-to-skin contact group (P < .01), but no difference was observed when compared with the breastfeeding group (P > .05) or the nonnutritive sucking group (P > .05). All intervention groups showed a shortened crying time (P < .01) and reduced procedural duration (P < .01) compared with the control group. All of these interventions are clinically applicable and acceptable when caring for a newborn during a minor painful procedure.
这项随机试验比较了 4 种非药物干预措施（母乳喂养、口服蔗糖、非营养性吸吮和皮肤接触）对 24 至 48 小时龄行足跟采血的足月新生儿的镇痛效果。采用新生儿疼痛、躁动和镇静评分（Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale）评估疼痛。将 226 名新生儿（N=226）分为 4 个干预组（n=176）或无疼痛干预的对照组（n=50）。结果表明，与对照组相比，所有干预组的疼痛水平均降低（P<0.01）。与皮肤接触组相比，口服蔗糖组的镇痛效果更优（P<0.01），但与母乳喂养组（P>0.05）或非营养性吸吮组（P>0.05）相比，差异无统计学意义。与对照组相比，所有干预组的哭泣时间（P<0.01）和操作时间（P<0.01）均缩短。所有这些干预措施在对新生儿进行轻微疼痛操作时均具有临床应用价值且易于接受。
