Stasiak Mateusz, Molenda Marek, Bańda Maciej, Horabik Józef, Wiącek Joanna, Parafiniuk Piotr, Wajs Justyna, Gancarz Marek, Gondek Ewa, Lisowski Aleksander, Oniszczuk Tomasz
Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Aug 12;13(16):3567. doi: 10.3390/ma13163567.
Knowledge on the mechanical properties of granular biomass is important for the design and efficient operation of equipment used for handling, storage, and processing. Their mechanical properties are used as a measure of material quality. In this study, the mechanical properties of granular biomass obtained from pines (sawdust, shavings, long shavings, and pellets) were determined under a moisture content range of 10-50%. The coefficient of sliding friction µ of four construction materials was determined using a 210-mm-diameter direct shear tester (Jenike's shear box). To measure the shear resistance of the biomass materials (represented as torque T), a prototype vane tester was constructed. The characteristics of shear resistance with respect to time T(t) were determined for material samples under normal pressure ranging from 5 to 30 kPa and a vane rotation rate of 3 rpm. Measurements were performed for five geometries of the rotor, reflecting typical deformation conditions encountered in the processing of granular biomass. The coefficient of sliding friction was found to be affected by the type of material, moisture content, and normal compressive pressure. Depending on the biomass material, the highest µ, which ranged from 0.50 to 0.62, was obtained for black steel, whereas the lowest µ, which ranged from 0.27 to 0.52, was obtained for aluminum. The lowest coefficient of sliding friction was observed for dry materials and high normal pressure. The torque T was observed to be affected by the rotor shape, material, normal pressure, and moisture content. The parameters presented provide information useful for the design of transport equipment and processing of granular wood biomass.
了解颗粒状生物质的机械性能对于处理、储存和加工设备的设计及高效运行至关重要。其机械性能被用作衡量材料质量的指标。在本研究中，测定了在10%至50%含水量范围内从松树获得的颗粒状生物质（锯末、刨花、长刨花和颗粒）的机械性能。使用直径210毫米的直剪试验仪（詹尼克剪切盒）测定了四种建筑材料的滑动摩擦系数μ。为了测量生物质材料的抗剪强度（以扭矩T表示），构建了一个原型叶片试验仪。在5至30千帕的常压和3转/分钟的叶片转速下，测定了材料样品抗剪强度随时间T(t)的特性。针对转子的五种几何形状进行了测量，反映了颗粒状生物质加工过程中遇到的典型变形条件。发现滑动摩擦系数受材料类型、含水量和法向压缩压力的影响。根据生物质材料的不同，黑色钢材的滑动摩擦系数最高，范围为0.50至0.62，而铝的滑动摩擦系数最低，范围为0.27至0.52。干燥材料和高法向压力下观察到最低的滑动摩擦系数。观察到扭矩T受转子形状、材料、法向压力和含水量的影响。所呈现的参数为颗粒状木材生物质的运输设备设计和加工提供了有用信息。
