A dermoid cyst is a benign cutaneous developmental anomaly that arises from the entrapment of ectodermal elements along the lines of embryonic closure. These benign tumors are lined by stratified squamous epithelium with mature skin appendages found on their wall and their lumens filled with keratin and hair. Dermoid cysts are considered to be congenital, but not all of them are diagnosed at birth. Only about 40% of dermoid cysts are diagnosed at birth, while about 60% of the dermoid cysts are diagnosed by five years of age. The dermoid cysts usually present within the first year of life and grow slowly. Dermoid cysts occur most commonly on the head and neck, with 84% of these cysts occurring in this region.
皮样囊肿是一种良性皮肤发育异常，由沿胚胎闭合线的外胚层成分被困所致。这些良性肿瘤由复层鳞状上皮衬里，其壁上有成熟的皮肤附属器，管腔内充满角蛋白和毛发。皮样囊肿被认为是先天性的，但并非所有在出生时都能被诊断出来。只有约40%的皮样囊肿在出生时被诊断出来，而约60%的皮样囊肿在五岁前被诊断出来。皮样囊肿通常在出生后的第一年内出现，生长缓慢。皮样囊肿最常见于头颈部，其中84%的囊肿发生在该区域。
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