Moore R M, Diamond E L, Cavalieri R L
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland.
Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Apr;71(4):513-7.
Imaging with ultrasound is common in obstetric practice. Several laboratory animal studies have shown retardation in fetal growth after experimental ultrasound exposure. This investigation was conducted to determine whether human fetuses exposed to diagnostic ultrasound (sonography) have a greater risk of growth retardation than fetuses not so exposed. This retrospective cohort study compares the birth weights of 1598 exposed and 944 unexposed single live births at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland during calendar year 1981. Confounding variables, defined as those associated with both exposure status and birth weight outcome, were included in multivariable analysis. Both exposure to more than one ultrasound procedure and first exposure during the third trimester were associated with a reduction in birth weight. However, the most consistent effect associated with birth weight appeared to be the indication for an ultrasound examination. The relationship of ultrasound exposure and reduced birth weight appeared to be due to shared common risk factors, which lead to both exposure and a reduction in birth weight.
超声成像在产科实践中很常见。多项实验动物研究表明，实验性超声照射后胎儿生长会出现迟缓。本研究旨在确定接受诊断性超声检查（超声扫描）的人类胎儿是否比未接受此类检查的胎儿有更高的生长迟缓风险。这项回顾性队列研究比较了1981年在马里兰州巴尔的摩市约翰霍普金斯医院出生的1598例接受超声检查的单胎活产儿和944例未接受超声检查的单胎活产儿的出生体重。在多变量分析中纳入了混杂变量，即那些与暴露状态和出生体重结果均相关的变量。接受不止一次超声检查以及在孕晚期首次接受超声检查均与出生体重降低有关。然而，与出生体重最一致的关联因素似乎是超声检查的指征。超声暴露与出生体重降低之间的关系似乎是由于共同的风险因素导致的，这些因素既导致了超声暴露，也导致了出生体重降低。
