Jagoda A, Riggio S, Burguieres T
Department of Emergency Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007.
Am J Emerg Med. 1988 Mar;6(2):128-30. doi: 10.1016/0735-6757(88)90049-6.
Cephalic tetanus is a rare form of tetanus defined as trismus plus paralysis of one or more cranial nerves. The most frequently involved cranial nerve is the seventh. It accounts for 1 to 3% of the total number of reported cases of tetanus and has a mortality of 15 to 30%. The incubation period is 1 to 14 days, and approximately two thirds of cases progress to generalized tetanus. The mechanism of the paralysis is not completely understood. Treatment involves debridement of wounds, administration of penicillin and tetanus immune-globulin, aggressive supportive care, and initiation of active immunization.
头部破伤风是破伤风的一种罕见形式，定义为牙关紧闭加一条或多条颅神经麻痹。最常受累的颅神经是第七对颅神经。它占破伤风报告病例总数的1%至3%，死亡率为15%至30%。潜伏期为1至14天，约三分之二 的病例会发展为全身性破伤风。麻痹的机制尚未完全了解。治疗包括伤口清创、给予青霉素和破伤风免疫球蛋白、积极的支持治疗以及开始主动免疫。
